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Tie Great Piefliit Air Liia. 




DANVILLE 

HAIL HO AD LINE 

— M.-S-D — 
'-:'J^'^S^-^-^''h^M^<^^i^lJ^.<J^'yoAm^■uauUine CONNECTIONS 

\jiJTtFnF_MLXlCO ^-^.Ar^Mier 



terjyrise 



The popular PASSENGER ROUTE to 
ALL POiP^TS m FLORIDA AND THE SOUTH. 

B^" This route is specially recoviw ended to invalids, pleasure seekers, aiifl ladies 
traveling alone, there beins: no confusing ni<:ht changes of cars. It runs through 
an undulating country, with pure water, and (jood Hotels at proper intervals, beau- 
tiful scenery, &c. 

^S:S~ Passengers h.?iYe choice ot tiuo trains: Leave New York at 8.40 a.m., and 
Philadelphia at noon ; reach Baltimore at 3.50 p.m., here take one of the elegant 
Steamers of the York River Line on Chesapeake Bay. Supper, stateroom and 
breakfast on boat. Reach West Point at 8.00 a.m., thence by rail to Richmond 
and South. Leave New York at 9.00 p.m.; Sleeping Car to Washington; thence 
to Richmond, Greensboro and Charlotte ; here passengers have choice either via 
Atlanta, Macon and Jesup to Jacksonville, or via Columbia, Augusta and Savan- 
nah, or via Columbia, Charleston and Savannah, 

fr^IJlFORTANT Cfl'.42VG?ES are proposed, by which Sleeping Cars 
tviH run througJi tvlthoitt change. Passengers will do well to inquire in- 
to this before p- rchasing tickets by other and more circuitous routes. This 
route is 45 miles shorter than any other via Columbia to Aiken, Augusta, 
Savannah, Jacksonville and all points in Floi'ida. 

23^ Excursion Tickets for the round trip will be put on sale by this route at 
greatly reduced rates, which will be about $50 for round trip— New York to Jack- 
sonville and return. 

SLEEPING CARS OU ALL RIIGHT TRAiJ^S. 

For latest time tables see small circulars and map bills of Piedmont Air Line, 
to be found at all ticket offices. 

C^fJTiOzV,— See that your Tickets read via RICHMOND, GREENSBORO 
and CHARLOTTE. 

C. TINGLING, S. E. ALLEN, 

Gen'l Eastern Agt., 9 Astor House, N. Y. Gen'l Ticket Ag't, Greensboro, N.C. 
New York, Oct. Slst, 1ST4. 




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CONTAINING A 



HISTORICAL SKETCH, GEOGEAPHICAL. AGRICULTURAL AN^D 

CLIMATIC STATISTICS, ROUTES OF TRAVEL BY LAXD 

AND SEA, AND GENERAL INFORMATION 

INVAIiUAEI.K TO THE ., _ 

Jntialto, QIoxtnBt or Emigrant. 

Entered according to Act of Congress, iu the year 1S74, ny 
' CATLIN & LYDECKER, 
in the Office of the Librarian of Congress, at ^Va,: ! i i j i : .^ 



PIIELISnEI) BY 

CATLSN 8l LYDECKER 

NEAV YORK. 

1ST4. 




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ALL RAIL ROUTE TO 

COLUMBIi^, ^IKEN", 

SAVANNAH, JACKSONVILLE, 

AND ALL POINTS IN 
— VIA— 



The through arrangements between the East and Florida have been made with 
the view to deserve the patronage of the pubhc. 

Are the essentials provided. 



PULLMAN PALACE SLEEPING GAES 



WILL BE RUN THROUGH FROM 



During the Fall, Winter and Spring IVIonths. 

Persons wishing to avail themselves of the through Pullman Sleeping Cars, can 
be furnished with full information by addressing 

O. E. :0. JBI^.^ITVEJE^I>, Ag-ent, 

897 Broad\A^ay, Ne\v York. 

Persons visiting Aikeu, ^' en route " to Florida, will find this the most desirable 

route. 
TMROTFGH. TICKETS JiT THIS IjINE, good until used, with privi- 
lege of stopping over, can be obtained at all oflices of connecting lines, and at 
'J'icket Offices in Jacksonville, Savannah,, and on board Steamers plying between 
Savannah and St. Johns River. 

■W. J. WALKER, p f\ < ^ A. POPE, 

General Agent. , Gen. Pass. & Ticket Agent. 

0^^ 



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UIDE TO TLORIDA, 



Five years after Christopher Columbus first saw land in 
the New World, another navigator, Sebastian Cabot, sailing 
under the English flag, discovered the coast of Florida. 
This was in 1497. It was not until the spring of 15 12 
that the Europeans made a permanent landing, A veteran 
cavalier of Spain, Juan Ponce de Leon, impelled by a 
romantic fancy that in the West there existed a fountain 
whose waters restored the aged to perpetual youth, raised 
an expedition of enthusiasts like himself and set sail on 
this wondrous voyage of discovery. He saw the coast for 
the first time on Easter Sunday, in April, 15 12, which day 
the Spaniards call Pasqua Florida, and because the 
charming country spread before him was fairly radiant 
with wild flowers, he gave it the beautiful name of Florida. 
This landing was made near the site of the present city of 
St. Augustine 

The cavalier's search for the immortal spring was 
fruitless. The Indians harassed and picked off his ban- 
with poisoned arrows, and he was finally forced to quit 
the country. He carried with him to Cuba a mortal 
v/ound which caused his death soon after his arrival there. 
A dozen years later Spain again attempted to colonize the 
peninsula. Narvaez was appointed Governor and landed 



4 GUID^ 'Q FLORIDA. 

with three hundred men. He made no attempt at settle- 
ment however, but wandered off on an exploring expedi- 
tion, and after many hardships, finally reached the far off 
country of the Mexicans. The illustrious Ferdinand de 
Soto, the discoverer of the Mississippi river, followed him 
to Florida. He landed in Tampa Bay with a thousand 
followers, in the spring of 1539. His march through the 
interior was disputed at every step by the aborigines, and 
his little army was so decimated by war, fatigue and sick- 
ness, that when his own body W3js, committed to the bosom 
of the ' ' Father of Waters ' ' two years later, but a third of 
them survived. 

The first actual settlement of Florida was made oy the 
French Huguenots who, under Jean Ribault, attempted to 
plant a colony at the mouth of the St. Johns River in 
1564. This roused the ire of the Spaniards, who claimed 
the country as their own, and an expedition was sent out 
under the com.mand of Don Pedro Menendez to extermi- 
nate the Frenchmen. The Don did his bloody work 
effectually. ~)The little French city was taken by surprise^ 
and all of its inhabitants were massacred. Above their 
bodies, which he had suspended from the trees, Menendez 
left this inscription : " Not because they are Frenchmen, 
but because they are heretics and enemies of God." ^1 But 
vengeance on the cruel Castilians was swift. Three years 
later an expedition under De Gourgues, a Huguenot gen- 
tleman, set sail from France, and landing at St. Augustine, 
Avhich the Spaniards had just built, attacked and took it 
after a severe battle. A portion of the garrison were 
taken to the site of the ruined French settlement on the 
St. Johns, and there hung to the same trees, with this 
inscription over their heads: "Not because they are 
Spaniards, but because they are traitors, robbers and mur- 
derers. ' ' 



GUIDE TO FLORIDA. 5 

It was in 1565 that Menendez founded the city of 
St. Augustine, the oldest within the present limits of 
the United States. From this foothold colonies were sent 
out along the coast and into the interior of the province, 
and for an hundred years or rnore Florida was a growing 
and thriving Spanish colony. The Indians were almost 
uniformly hostile, but the superior civilization prevailed 
over them. Many vestiges of the early Spanish settle- 
ments in the State remain to show what the country was at 
this flourishing era of its history. The period of its deca- 
dence was at the conclusion of the great Continental war 
of 1753-60, when it passed from Spain into the possession 
of Great Britain. In the meantime it had been the scene 
of many conflicts. The English, under Sir Francis Drake, 
attacked and plundered St. Augustine in 1586. It was 
pillaged by the Indians in 161 1, and sacked 'by the Buc- 
caneers in 1665. Governor Moore, of South Carolina, 
raided into the colony in 1702, and unsuccessful attempts 
were made by the Georgians in 1725, 1740 and 1743 to 
capture and destroy St. Augustine. 

In 1763 Spain ceded the whole territory of Florida to 
Great Britain. So greatly had its prosperity declined that 
its population did not exceed 600. In 1781, the Spaniards 
captured Pensacola, and three years later, by virtue of the 
treaty of 1784, they resumed jurisdiction over the country. 
During the last war with Great Britain the English troops 
under Col. Nichols occupied Pensacola, but General Jack- 
son appearing before the town, they decamped to their 
fleet. Jackson, while fighting the Indians in 181 8, was so 
affronted by the conduct of the Spanish governor that he 
took possession of Pensacola and sent the Spanish prison- 
ers to Havana. 

The Spanish government recognized ^* manifest destiny" 
in 1 819, and consented to the cession of the entire terri- 



6 GUIDE TO FLORIDA. 

tory of Florida to the United States. The exchange of 
flags took place in 1821, a territorial government was 
established in 1822, and Florida was admitted as a State 
into the Union in 1845, 

From the time of the cession down almost to our own 
day, there have raged those desolating Indian wars which 
reddened the border settlements with the blood of white 
men, women and children, and made the Everglades re- 
sound with the dying whoop of the hunted Seminole. The 
story of the valor of Coa-cou-chee, of Osceola, and of 
Little Cloud, fighting the last battles of their race for the 
hunting grounds of their ancestors, has passed into poetry 
and romance. 

Florida, like her sister . Southern States, was a battle- 
ground between North and South in the late civil war. 
After the passage of the ordinance of secession in 1861, 
Fort Pickens in Pensacola harbor, was invested by the Con- 
federate troops, and the Navy Yard was occupied.'. - Fer- 
nandina and St. Augustine were captured by Admiral 
Dupont's fleet in 1862. The following month the United 
States forces occupied Jacksonville, and the Confederate 
authorities abandoned nearly the whole of Northern and 
Western Florida, including Pensacola, and withdrew their 
army into Georgia. The year 1864 was characterized by 
raids on both sides. General Birney penetrated to Trent 
Creek, and the Confederate salt works at Ocala were de- 
stroyed. In February of this year General Trueman Sey- 
mour marched westward with a large body of United 
States troops, and at Olustee was disastrously defeated by 
the Confederate army under General Joseph Finegan. 
He retreated with a loss of 1200 men, leaving his dead 
and wounded on the field ; and during the remaining 
months of the war the Federals v/ere on the defensive. 

After the surrender of General Lee, at Appomattox, 



GUIDE TO FLORIDA. 7 

Virginia, the people of Florida abandoned further re- 
sistance, and the State was duly reconstructed by Con- 
gress. 



The State of Florida extends from the parallel of 31° 
North latitude to 25° North latitude, and lies within 80° 
and S2>° West longitude from Greenwich. It is in the 
same latitude with the Desert of Sahara, Southern China 
and Northern Mexico, but its comparative degree of heat 
is not accurately indicated by its latitude, for it is isother- 
mal with the Bermudas, Egypt, Northern Hindostan, 
Southern California and Louisiana. Moreover, lying 
between the Gulf of Mexico and the Gulf Stream, its main 
portion is fanned by ocean breezes which materially modify 
the temperature. 

The shape of the State has been likened to that of a 
boot ; the foot part being Northern Florida, and the leg 
being the peninsula. The first extends about 350 miles 
from East to West, and the peninsula 400 miles from North 
to South, and ninety miles, on the average, from East to 
West. The Gulf Stream skirts the Eastern coast about 
300 miles. The State contains 59,868 square miles, or 
37,931,520 acres, and is therefore a little larger than 
Georgia, Illinois or Michigan, and almost as large as the 
New England States or the rnited kingdoms of Portugal, 
Belgium and the Netherlands. The extent of her coast 
line is rather extraordinary. It is not less than i , 100 miles ; 
a distance nearly equal to that from Portland, Maine, to 
Jacksonville, Florida, in a straight line. 

The surface of the eastern section of the State is gener- 
ally level. In Western Florida it is rolling or hilly. The 



8 GUIDE TO FLORIDA, 

extreme southern part is covered with swamps. The coast 
is indented with thousands of bays and inlets formed by 
the jutting of the land, and by innumerable islands. The 
principal rivers are the Apalachicola, which has its source 
in the mountains of Upper Georgia ; the beautiful Suwanee, 
in Middle Florida ; the Withlacoochee, the Ocklawha and 
the Indian River, in Southern Florida. The great stream 
of the State, however, is the magnificent St. Johns, which 
rises in the Everglades, and. winds northward a distance of 
four hundred miles until it empties into the Atlantic Ocean 
below Jacksonville. 

The peninsula is filled with beautiful lakes, some of them 
being navigable for large steamers, and one of them. Lake 
Okeechobee, in the Everglades, being fully forty miles 
long and thirty miles wide. The lake scenery, in the 
neighborhood of the upper waters of the St. John, is un- 
surpassed in loveliness. Several of the larger bays on the 
coast deserve notice. Tampa Bay, Apalachee Bay and Pen- 
sacola Bay, are broad and deep enough to float navies. 
The State abounds in remarkable mineral springs. The 
Wakulla River rises about ten miles northwest of St. Marks 
from one of them. The water is moderately cold and 
highly impregnated with lime. From the big spring of 
Chipola bursts a furious river ; Silver Spring, in Marion 
County, is a basin of surpassingly clear and deep water. 
The Sulphur Springs of* the Suwanee are a curiosity, and 
enjoy a local reputation for curing rheumatism, dyspepsia 
and other kindred diseases. Springs of salt water are 
not uncommon in the interior. 

Scientists say that the geological formation of Florida is 
of comparatively recent origin. The opinion of one of 
them, relative to the peninsula, is expressed in this lan- 
guage : '^The who]e peninsula has been formed by the 
successive growth of coral reefs added concentrically from 



GUIDE TO FLORIDA. 



North to South to the first deposits, while the accumula- 
tion between these reefs has been a mixture of coral and 
fragments of shells, the coral prevailing in some parts, as 
in the regions of the Everglades, and in other portions, 
especially the Northern and Eastern, the shell." Agassiz 
assumes, of the lower half of the peninsula, ''that if the 
growth be one foot in a century from a depth of seventy- 
five feet, and that each successive reef has added ten miles 
of extent southward, it would have required, on this com- 
putation, 135,000 years to have formed the southern half 
of the peninsula. ' ' The upper part of Florida is, of course, 
much older. 




lo GUIDE TO FLORIDA, 



Florida undoubtedly possesses the most equable and 
salubrious climate, all the year round, of any State in the 
Union. The thermometer seldom rises above 90^ in the 
summer, nor falls below 3,0° in the winter. The summer 
may be said to be seven months long, but the heat is not 
intense. This is attributable in a great degree to the 
circumstance that the peninsula is fanned on the East by 
the Atlantic breezes, and on the West by those of the 
Gulf of Mexico, both of which can be sensibly felt in the 
middle of the State. 

The winter in Florida resembles very much the season 
known in more northern latitudes as the " Indian Summer." 
The climate of Florida, however, has the additional ad- 
vantage of being more dry and elastic. Rain falls rarely 
during the winter months. Five out of six days are bright 
and cloudless, and of the most agreeable temperature. In 
Southern Florida frost very rarely appears. Even as far 
north as the Suwanee River there are generally but two or 
three nights iii a whole winter when ice as thick as a half 
dollar is found. A consequence of the evenness of the 
temperature is the very delightful salubrity of the nights 
in the sultriest season of the year, by which the body is 
refreshed, the sleep rendered sound, and the natural facul- 
ties are restored to vigor. 

The following tables show the range of the thermometer 
throughout the year in Florida, and the evenness of the 
temperature as compared with that of given points in the 
Northern Stated. 



GUIDE TO FLORIDA. 



1 1 



Observations made at Jacksofwille during the six months 
ending April 30th, 1874; showing the highest and lowest 
ranges of the barometer and thermometer during each 
month, the total rainfall, the number of rainy days, and the 
prevailing wind. (Furnished by Richard McLaughlin, Esq. ) 



Month. 


BAEOMETEE. 


THERMOMETER. 


Total 
Kainfall 
in inches. 








Highest 


Lowest 


Highest Lowest. Mean. 




November, 1873 


30.437 


29.374 


83 


30 1 59 


1 2.88 


8 


sw 


December, " 


30.480 


29.643 


79 


32 


56 


] 3.38 


7 


N 


January, 1S74 


30.658 


29.810 


77 


35 


55 


1 .82 


7 


N 


February, " 


30.362 


29.845 1 


81 


37 


58 


! 7.33 


12 


NE 


March, " 


30.335 


29.761 i 


87 


37 


m 


; 2.13 


7 


SW 


April, 


30.370 


29.703 1 


J 91 


42 


70 


\ 1.60 


6 


SW 



It is proper to observe that there is a marked difference 
in the theometric range at Enterprise, two hundred miles 
south of Jacksonville, the temperature being much more 
even. 



The following is a comparative table, showing the monthly 
and yearly mean of twenty years at St. Augustine, of 
thirty -07te years at West Point, ajid of thirty -five years 



at Fort' Snelling, Minn. : 





Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apl. 


May 


Jun. 


July 


Aug 


Sep. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


YEAR. 


St. Augiislino, 
Fla . . . 


57.03 


59.94 


63.34 


68.78 


73.50 


79.36 


80.90 


80.56 


78.60 


71.88 


64.12 


57.26 


69.61 


West Point, 

N. Y. 


2S.2S 


28.80 


37.63 


48.70 


59.82 


68.41 


73.75 


71.83 


64.31 


53.04 


42.23 


31.98 


50.73 


Ft. Snelling, 
Minn. . 


13.70 


17.57 


31.41 


56.34 


58.97 


68.46 


73.40 


70.05 


58.86 


47.15 


31.67 


16.89 


46.54 



12 GUIDE TO FLORIDA 

In Florida an extraordinary variety of valuable produc- 
tions are successfully cultivated. Lying as it does partly 
within the temperate zone and partly within the semi- 
tropical regions, within its limits may be seen flourishing 
most of the vegetation familiar to the soil of the Middle 
and Western States, together with the fruits of the West 
Indies. At least one-fourth of the entire area of the State 
is south of the line of frost, and will grow successfully the 
orange, the lemon, the citron, the grape fruit, the banana, 
the pine-apple, and the cocoa-nut. Most of the tropical 
trees and shrubs grow spontaneously. Tobacco, sugar and 
hemp have been cultivated to some extent, and can be 
made very valuable productions if systematically treated. 
The yield of sugar is much more to the acre than in Louis- 
iana. Cotton has hitherto been the leading staple. In- 
dian corn has been largely raised, but not in sufficient 
quantities to supply the home demand. Within a few 
years the raising of early vegetables for the Northern trade 
has been commenced, with great success, on the St. Johns 
River, and along the railroads. Among the vegetables 
which are readily grown and bring remunerative prices, 
are tomatoes, cucumbers, melons, green peas, beans, cab- 
bages, turnips, beets, squashes, onions, asparagus, and 
sweet and Irish potatoes. Wheat has been partially culti- 
vated in the northern part of the State. The Ramie plant 
has just been introduced, an-l it is believed will become 
an important staple. Arrowroot, indigo, the castor bean, 
can be raised without difficulty. The large growth of the 
Mulberry renders the conditions favorable to the produc- 
tion of the silk worm. There is no reason why tea and 
coffee cannot be cultivated, as the climate and soil are 
especially adapted to the purpose. Of the fruits other 
than tropical, the peach, grape, fig, pomegranate and plum 
are produced. Berries grow profusely. 



GUIDE TO FLORIDA, 13 

Florida is the best timbered State in the Union. Over 
30,000,000 of acres are covered with heavy forests. The 
business of cutting and shipping knriber is large and in- 
creasing. Florida also exports naval stores, and at Key 
West there are extensive salt works. Further remarks on 
the soil and productiveness of the State will be found in 
the paragraphs devoted to the advantages of Florida for 
immigrants. 



PQ)Pwm^wMQ^^ MQ€mm mM^m ^@miwm^M 



According to the census of 1870 the population of Flor^ 
ida aggregates 187,748; of which 96,057 are whites and 
91,689 blacks. This shows a proportion of a fraction ovei 
three inhabitants to the square mile"* a density about 
equal to that of the States of Kansas and Texas. The 
population of the State in i860 was 140,123, so that in 
spite of the ravages caused by the civil v/ar, the increase 
in ten years has been 47,625, or thirty-four per cent. ' 

The leading cities and towns in the State are Jackson- 
ville with a population of 13,000, Fernandina with 2,500, 
Tallahassee with 2,500, St. Augustine with 2,000 Lake 
City with 2,000, Pensacola with 2,000, Gainesville with 
1,500, Key West with 3,000 ; Palatka with 1,000, Quincy 
with 800, and Apalachicola with 1,000. 

The seat of government is at Tallahassee. The new 
constitution, adopted by the people and approved by 
Congress in 186S, vests the executive power in a Gover- 
nor, who is elected for four years. He is assisted in his 
deliberations by a Cabinet, composed gf the principal 
officers in the State, viz : the Secretary of State, the 
Attorney-General, the Comptroller, the State Treasurer, 
the Surveyor - General, the Superintendent of Instruc- 



14 GUIDE TO FLORIDA. 

tion and the Commissioner of Immigration. This is a 
novel feature in the framework of a State government, but 
was suggested by the success of the arrangement in the 
Federal system. The legislative power is vested in a 
Senate and Assembly. The former consists of twenty- 
four members, elected for four years ; the latter of fifty- 
three members, elected for two years. The judicial pow- 
er is vested in a Supreme Court, Circuit Courts, County 
Courts and Justices of the Eeace. The Judges of the Su- 
preme Court are appointed for life, of the Circuit Courts 
for eight years, and of the County Courts for four years. 
The election for State and County Officers and Members 
of the JLegislature takes place the first Tuesday after the 
first Monday in November. Annual Sessions of the Legis- 
lature are held, beginning on the first Tuesday after the 
first Monday in January. 

The present State government (1874-5) ^^ ^^ follows ; 

Governor, - - - M. L. Stearns. 

Lieutenant-Governor, 

Secretary of State, - - S. B. McLiN. 

Comptroller. - - - C. A. Cowgill. 

Treasurer, - - - C. H." Foster. 

Attorney- General, - - Wm. A. Cocke. 

Commissioner of Immigra- ) -^ e^gan 
tion, - - [ 

Superintendent of Public ) t c Gibbs 
Instruction, - ) 

At the last Presidential election in the State (1872) the 
vote was as follows : Grant, 17,765 ; Greeley, 15,428; Re- 
pubHcan majority, 2,337. The Republicans elected two 
majority in the State Senate, and three majority in the 
House of Representatives. 

Florida, though one of the first-settled countries on this 
continent, has really all the characteristics of a new State. 



GUIDE TO FLORIDA. 15 

r 

Its scanty population has been scattered over a territory 
of nearly 60,000 square miles, and has heretofore been en- 
gaged almost wholly in agriculture. The social conveni- 
ences and advantages enjoyed in the thickly-settled States 
further North must not, therefore, be expected here. But 
immigration is pouring in and the State is rapidly im- 
proving. Schools and churches are to be found in all the 
towns and villages throughout the State, and a new sys- 
tem of public education has been provided for in the new 
constitution. In reference to the feeling of the old inhab- 
itants towards newcomers, the State Commissioner of Im- 
migration, Mr. Adams, (himself a Northern man) writes : 
''In our correspondence the question is often asked: 
'Is it safe for a Northern man to come to Florida?' .>The 
answer is : That there is no sort of danger whatever. The 
immigrant of good character and habits will be readily 
received by all. Southern men and v/omen are not su- 
per-human, and cannot be expected suddenly to absolve 
themselves from the domination of those trains of political 
thought and those prevalent social notions that have ruled 
them for years, or to sympathize at once with the political 
ideas of a triumphant radicalism, j But the whole popula- 
tion of the State is becoming rapidly convinced that 
'men, money and labor,' are to be watch-words in the 
success of the future of Florida. * * * - Indeed, any 
good citizen that proposes to pay special attention to his 
own affairs, will be welcomed by all, and this without any 
sacrifice of principle or any abridgment of his rights of 
free thought and free speech. Northern men and women, 
who may come and persist in associating exclusively with 
each other, and sequester themselves diligently from all 
social intercourse with old residents, will be allowed thus 
to indulge their social predilections without let or hin- 
drance. ' ' 



i6 GUIDE TO FLORIDA. 

The All-Rail Routes. 

Visitors to Florida, going from the North, make Sa- 
vannah the first objective point. It can be reached from 
Eastern points via connecting lines to Baltimore. From 
N. Y. by the N. Y. and Phila. R. R., rmming through 
trains — to whicli are attached cars having all the modern 
improvements — to Baltimore, Washington and Richmond. 
From Baltimore, via Bay Li7i€ of Stea7ners to Ports^nouth, 
Va., connecting with ^^ Atlantic Coast Line^ Or, From 
Washington, via All Rail, ox Ac quia Creek, to Richmond; at 
Richmond two routes compete for the travel— the, ' ' Upper 
Route," via Danville, Charlotte and Augusta, and the 
"Atlantic Coast Line," via Petersburg, Wilmington and 
Charleston. The '' Great Southern Mail Route," 
via Washington, Lynchburg, Knoxville, Chattanooga, 
Atlanta, Macon, and Jesup Junction, gives the tourist 
an opportunity to visit the most interesting localities in 
the entire South. 

Travelers from points North and West of the Ohio 
River will find at the Railroad Ticket Offices in all of the 
principal cities schedules, giving the distances and time 
to Savannah and Florida. 

From Clevelajid, Columbus, Cincinnati, Toledo, De- 
troit, jDlaces on Lakes Erie and Michigan, and points 
North and East of Louisville, the "Short Line" is via 
Louisville and Nashville R. R. From St. Louis, and 
points North and West, the most direct route is via the 
St. Louis and Iron Mountain R. R. 

The Rail connections. North and West, are in excellent 
condition. Drawing Room and Palace Sleeping Cars are 
attached to all Through Trains. Polite and attentive 
Conductors and good Eating Houses on the entire route. 



GUIDE TO FLORIDA. I7 

Schedules of the different routes will be found on adver- 
tisement pages at back of book. 

Through Tickets For Sale at 

BO§T®I^— At §^, '?'9, §2 & 134 Washington Street; Boston 
& Providence Depot; Boston & Albany Depot; Old Colony 
Depot ; No. 3 Old State House ; Boston^ Hartford & Erie De- 
pot; and N©. 15 U. S. Hotel Block. 

WE1¥ YOKM— 229, 263, 303, 31 T, 397 & 944 B'dway, 
9 Astor House ; and all the principle Hotels ; and at foot Court- 
landt Street. BROOKLYN— 7 Court St. , City Hall Square. 

PHII^AI>EI^FIIIA— At 409, 700 & 838 Chestnut st.; Ex- 
change in Continental Hotel ; 44 South Fifth Street ; and at the 
"^ Philadelphia, Wilmington and Baltimore Depot, corner Broad 
and Prime Streets. 

BAILTIMIIRE— At the Camden Street Station, Baltimore and 
Ohio Railroad Depot; 149 & 150 W Baltimore st. ; S. E. cor- 
ner Baltimore and Calvert Street. 

^i^ASm]^CJTOx¥— At Adams Express Building, opposite Balti- 
more Depot; at the Maryland Avenue Depot ; at 511 & 60S 
Pennsylvania Avenue ; Steamers, foot 7th Street ; and at the 
principal Hotels. 

Also at the Railroad Ticket Offices in Richmond, Charleston, Macon, 
Atlanta, Nashville, Memphis, Louisville, St. Louis and New 
Orleans 

By Sea to Florida. 

From New York, Boston, Philadelphia and Baltimore. 
(By Steamship to Savannah, and thence to Florida.) 

The Sea Routes from New York are via New York and 
Savannah Steamships, consisting of three lines of com- 
modious and well appointed Steamers. The Zeo and 
Cleopatra, of Murray, Ferris & Go's Line, sail from Pier 16 
East River, alternately on Tuesdays. The Steamships Her- 
\ man Livingston, Genl. Barnes^ San Jacinto and San Sal- 
\ vador, of the Empire Line, from Pier 43 North River, 
on all Thursdays and Saturdays, 1¥. R. Garrison, Agent, 
No. 5 Bowling Green ; and the Steamships Himtsville and 



i8 GUIDE TO FLORIDA. 

Montgomery of the Black Star Line, will also leave Pier 
13, North River, every Saturday. Robt. Lowden, 
Agent, 93 West Street. 

The New York and Charleston Line of Steamships, 
composed of staunch and favorite vessels, thoroughly sea- 
worthy and well-appointed in every respect, sonsisting of 
the James Adger, Manhattan, South Carolina, Champion, 
Georgia^ and Charleston^ sell Through Tickets to all points 
in Florida. Their sailing days are Tuesdays, Thursdays 
and Saturdays, from Pier 29, North River. Jas. W. 
Quintard & Co., Agents. 

By Sea, from Boston. 

The Boston and Savannah S. S. Co. dispatch the nev." 
and elegant Steamers Semiiiole and Oriental, on the loth, 
20th and 30th of each month ; returning, leave Savannah 
on the same dates. Through Tickets to all points in Flor- 
ida sold by F. Nickerson & Co. , Agents 205 State Street, 
Boston. 

By Sea, from Philadelphia. 

The Philadelphia and Southern Mail Steamship Co. 
have a weekly line to Savannah, leaving every Saturday, 
from Queen Street Wharf. The Wyoming and C. W. Lord 
are noted as first-class vessels, and have obtained a most en- 
viable reputation for the regularity of their trips. Through 
Tickets sold to all points in Florida and the interior of 
Georgia and Alabama. W. L. James, Agent, 237 and 239 
Dock Street, Philadelphia. 

By Sea, from Baltimore. 

The Baltimore and Savannah Steamship Compan} 
des )atch, at intervals of five days, one of theij 



GUIDE TO FLORIDA 19 

thoroughly sea-worthy and commodious Steamers to Sa- 
vannah, The Line is extremely well managed, and the 
A7nerica and Saragossa are commanded by experienced 
and able officers. Through Tickets to all points in Florida 
and the interior are sold by the Agent, James B. Andrews, 
Flannigan's Wharf, Baltimore. 



\ 



From Charleston and Savannah to Florida. 



The traveler has choice of routes from Charleston. First, 
via All Rail to Savannah by way of the Savannah and Charles- 
ton Railroad to Savannah, and from thence via the Atlantic 
and Gulf Railroad, to Live Oak, Florida, at which point he 
connects with the Florida network of railroads, and is thus 
brought in close railway or steamboat communication with 
all the principal points in the State. The Express trains 
of the Atlantic and Gulf Railroad leave Savannah daily at 
14.30 P. M., on the arrival of trains from Charleston. The 
conductors on the route are courteous and attentive, and 
to the night train Pullman Palace and Sleeping Coaches 
are attached. The tourist is, however, advised to provide 
himself with a hand basket, as no very superior restaurant ' 
accommodations exist along the line. 

Or, Second, by the Steamers of the Charleston and 
Florida Steamship Co. j the Dictator and City Point 
leaving Charleston on Tuesdays and Saturdays at 8.30 P. 
M., making a short stop at Savannah, thence running direct 
to Jacksonville and Palatka, connecting at both places with 
steamers for the upper St. Johns, and at Tocoi with the 
St. Johns Railway for St. Augustine. The steamers of 
this line are staunoh, sea-worthy vessels, commanded by 
old and reUable captains, selected for their knowledge of 
the Coast and their thorough seamanship. The tabled' are 



20 GUIDE TO FLORIDA. 

also bountifully supplied with all the delicacies in season, 
and the officers are courteous and obliging. 

Florida can also be reached from New Orleans by 
Steamers of the New Orleans, Florida and Havana S. S. 
Co., which touch at Cedar Keys, en route to Key West 
and Havana. Northern visitors to Florida, who wish to 
return home either by the way of Havana or the Missis- 
sippi River can avail themselves of this convenient route, 
embarking at Cedar Keys. I. K. Roberts, Agent New 
Orleans, Florida and Havana S. S- Co., New Orleans, La. 



It has been well said that no part of the United States 
can furnish a more exciting and agreeable winter hunting- 
ground than Indian River and the Gulf Coast. Turkeys, 
Ducks, Squirrels, Deer and Bear are to be found through- 
out the State. The hunter in the Indian river region 
' ' may comfortably camp out, month after month,, with a 
single blanket, taking as he needs his sweet potatoes from 
the ground, and the orange, lemon and banana from the ' 
plantations along the route, and in the continuous sunshine 
of an unending spring surfeit himself with the pursuit of 
game." 

In the rivers and bays of Florida the lover of angling 
will find his real paradise. They literally swarm with 
valuable fish. Mullet, Bass, Sheepshead, Trout, Perch — 
salt water and fresh — and innumerable other varieties 
abound. The fish caught in the Lower St. Johns will run 
from one to forty pounds in weight. Lakes Harney and 
Jessup are abundantly stocked with fish of excellent 
quality, which are easily caught with nets, hooks or spears. 



FAYORITE FLORIDA ROUTE 

VIA 

Baltimore, Portsmouth aud Wilmington, 

Popularly known to the traveling public as the 
Persons visiting FLORIDA should remember that the 

mmm ^^w mEmm mm mwmMmmmm 

Is one of the oldest and best managed lines to the South. The Steamers of 
this Line are the Largest, Fastest and Most Elegant south of New York. 

LEAVING DAILY (Sunday Excepted) 

on the arrival of the Morning Train from 

NEW YORK, andNoon Train from PHILADELPHIA. 

A Section of the Steamers, with State Rooms, Berths, «fec., is reserved ex- 
clusively for Ladies and Children traveling alone. 
Passengers arrive at 

Tn time to take the through train to 

WILMINGTON (WITHOUT CHANGE,) 

Connecting with 

©HAK&Bl®@ir AW® AWi^¥SlA» 

Connecting at both the above points with through trains for 

SAlfilNMH, m ILL PdliWS IN FLORIDA. 

o 

The Meals furnished are unequalled ; having access to the markets of Balti- 
more and Norfolk, unquestionably the best in the country. 

^ SUPPER AND BREAKFAST AND AN ENTIRE NIGHT'S REST ON THE BAY 
LINE STEAMERS. 

Baggage Checked Through to all the principal points. 

Persons returning north will find Schedule, &c., &c., equally as perfect as 
going south. 

TICKETS GOOD UNTIL USED, with the privilege of stopping over at all 
Terminal Points, can be obtained at all Principal Ticket Offices, North and 
South. Schedules giving time and all necessary information can be obtained 
wherever Through Tickets are sold. 

W. J. WALKER, EMMET BROWN, 

General Passenger Agent. General Ticket Agent. 



TO AND FROM 

FLORIDA AMD THE lORTH 

—VIA— 

Oil lOliillOl Mil 

AND THE 

Atlantic Coa st Line of Railways. 

Elegant Side-Wheel Passenger Steamers. 
OLD DOMJNSON, - - - - 2222 Tons. 
WYANOKE, --...- 2067 " 

ISAAC BELL, - - « - - 1600 " 

GEO. W. ELDER, (Propeller), - -2000 " 

RICHMOND, ' - - 1700 " 

The Steamers are ths largest aud most comfortable sailing out of New York. 

Leaving Pier 37, North River, Foot of Beach Street, 

EVERY TUESDAY, THURSDAY AND SATURDAY, 

At 3 O'clock P. M. 
The Steamers Leave E^ORFOLK 

EVERY MONDAY, WEDNESDAY, AND SATURDAY, 

At 7:30 P, M., on the arrival of the southern trains. 

ONLY 26 HOURS ^EA VOYAGE by this line, avoiding exposure along 
the Coast of Cape Hatteras, &c. Time through from all Points South and 
Southwest to Uew York, within 4 hours of all the Rail Routes. 

Tickets by this Route include Meals and State Room accommodations on 
Steamers. 

BAGGAGE CHECKED THROUGH. 

For Tickets, Time Cards, and full information apply at 

OLI> I30]MIIVI0rV S. S. 00-, 

Or, 397 BROADWAY, 

A. POPE, W. H. STANFORD, 

Gen. Pass. Agt. Atlantic Coast Line. Sec. O. D. S. S. Co. 



GUIDE TO FLORIDA. 



23 



Alligator hunting is a sport peculiar to these southern 
latitudes and can be enjoyed to perfection along the 
rivers, lakes and lagoons of Florida. It takes a practiced 
eye to detect an alligator, for it closely resembles a rotten 
log, half-submerged and motionless. Shooting the alliga- 
tor from the decks of the river steamers is a common 
enough custom, but the real alligator hunt is to be had on 
the upper lakes where they swarm in almost countless 
numbers. Hunting parties for Lake Harney are made up 
at Enterprise, on the Upper St. Johns. The expense is 
not much and the amusement prodigious. 




St. Augustine. 



The antiquarian and enthusiast in historical research 
will find abundant material of interest in the visible traces 
of the Spanish occupation of two and three centuries ago. 
Remains of ancient cities, forts, breastworks, churches, 
and roads may be found, sometimes when least expected, 
in the midst of dense forests which have grown up and 
covered the vestiges of the early civilization, St. Augustine 



24 GUIDE TO FLORIDA. 

the oldest city on the North American continent, is unsur- 
passed in interest to the antiquarian. The battle fields 
of the later Indian wars also have a peculiar attractive- 
ness. Here the tourist may study the historic spots illus- 
trated by the valor and genius of Jackson, Taylor and 
Worth. The State of Florida offers rare opportunities 
for study to the students in Geology and Botany. The 
former have an interesting and important subject for in- 
vestigation in the extraordinary coral formation of the 
peninsula; the latter in the wonderful and varied growth 
of floral and other vegetation. Several professors of 
Natural History from Northern institutions of learning 
were in Florida last year, collecting specimens of insects, 
birds, fishes and beasts. There are several excellent tax-' 
idermists in Savannah who make a business of preparing 
specimens for naturalists. 

There are those to whom field and water sports are un- 
interesting. They travel for a love of change merely, or 
to behold the beautiful and novel in nature or to enjoy 
idleness — as a relaxation from severe and unremitting 
labor. The soft, balmy air, the clear, blue sky, the genial, 
though never enervating warmth, the tropical richness of 
the verdure, the bright-plumaged birds filling the forests 
with their music, the placid, transparent lakes and river 
scenery of unsurpassed loveliness, fulfil all the conditions 
required by this class of tourists. No American need 
seek an Italy across the waters when one lies here, almost 
within a day's travel. 



k:^^ 



GUIDE TO FLORIDA. 25 



For more than a century Florida has been a resort for 
invalids from all parts of the world and particularly for 
those afflicted with pulmonary complaints. The dryness, 
evenness and salubrity of the climate are a most delightful 
and health-restoring change from the piercing winds and 
frigid temperature of the Northern, Middle and Western 
States in the winter. That many consumptives who have 
come to Florida die of the disease is true, but it is equally 
certain that they had postponed their visit until it was 
beyond the power of any climatic change to effect a cure. 
But there are thousands of persons threatened with the 
consumptive's death who have recovered their health in 
Florida, or at least have lengthened their days not un- 
pleasantly. 

It is estimated that at least forty thousand people visited 
Florida last winter, of whom about a fourth were invalids. 
The many beautiful villages and landings on the St. 
Johns River, as far up as Enterprise, were crowded with 
these seekers for renewed life and health. St. Augustine 
and the Indian river country, on the Atlantic coast, were 
also filled with visitors of the same character. Among 
these were not only people troubled with lung diseases, 
but those who were suffering from nervous complaints and 
from physical and mental prostration. Many were over- 
worked business men from the great cities of the North 
and West, who sought this delicious and invigorating 
mode of recuperation. 

The mildness of the atmosphere in winter permits much 
exercise in the. open air. It is not uncommon for the 
native ladies to walk late in the moonlight evenings 
covered, as to the head, only with a lace veil. Some 
nights are damp and chilly, particularly in the Northern 



2b GUIDE TO FLORIDA, 

parts of the State, and a little fire is comfortable ; but 
usually, throughout the winter, the inhabitants sit without 
a fire and with open doors and windows. These remarks 
are not intended to convey the idea that caution as to 
clothing can be neglected by the invalid. A writer on 
this point says : ''As a rule, invalids should not expose 
themselves to the night air nor be tempted on warm, bright 
days to lay aside thick shoes and comfortable clothing. 
The invalid should always be clad in woolen clothing, and 
the robust do not require a linen suit except in the summer 
months." 

Statistics testify to the healthfulness of Florida. Not- 
withstanding the fact that so many thousands of consump- 
tives resort to the State for relief, the proportion of deaths 
from pulmonary complaints in it is less than in any other 
State in the Union. 

The census of 1870 showed that these deaths were as 
follows : 

Massachusetts, - - - one in 283 

Maine, - - - - " 3^5 

Vermont, - - - - '' ^ 463 

New York, - - - - '' 379 

Pennsylvania, _ _ _ <' 470 

Ohio, -----*' 507 

California, - - - ''450 

Virginia, - - - - - " 585 
Indiana, . . . - ''599 

Illinois, - - - - '' 698 

Florida, - - - • - ''1,433 

There is a wide-spread misapprehension respecting the 
malarial character of the interior of Florida, It is sup- 
posed that in some parts the air is charged with the most 
poisonous and noxious vapors arising from the swamp 
lands, and that fevers are common in consequence of it. 



GUIDE TO FLORIDA. 27 

It is true that there is much swampy land in the State, 
and that wherever there is a dense vegetable growth accom- 
panied by decomposition, malarious diseases arise, but in 
this case, the magnificent breezes, which sweep across the 
country, clear the atmosphere and purge it of its evil 
humors. All fevers in Florida assume a much milder 
type than in other sections where they are prevalent. 
Surgeon-General Lawson, of the United States Army, in 
his report explicitly asserts this. He says that statistics 
show " that the ratio of deaths to the number of cases of 
remittent fever has been much less among the troops serv- 
ing there than in any other portion of the United States. 
In the Middle Division the proportion is i death to t,6 
cases of remittent fever ; in the Northern Division, i to 
52; in the Southern Division, i to 54; in Texas, i in 78; 
in California, i in 122; in New Mexico, i in 148; while 
in Florida it is i in 287. 

The remedial character of the springs, which abound in 
every part of the State, must not be overlooked. Some 
are known to be highly beneficial to rheumatic and dys- 
peptic patients. A reference to the index of this work 
will give inquirers the location of several of the best 
esteemed spas in the State. 



28 GUIDE TO FLORIDA. 

The Legislature of Florida has taken active measures 
to induce immigrants, from the North and West and from 
Europe, to settle in the State. A Department of Immigra- 
tion has been established in connection with the State 
Government j the officer is styled Commissioner of Immi- 
gration, and he is a member of the Governor's Cabinet. 
The Bureau furnishes, upon application, all the informa- 
tion an intending settler m.ay desire about the price, 
character and situation of lands and the means of getting 
to them. 

It may be succinctly said that the inducements to immi- 
gration to Florida consist in the cheapness of the lands, 
ease of tillage, wide scope of crops, heavy profits and 
healthfulness of climate. The lands of the State are 
classified as swamp lands, high and low hummock and 
pine. The first are the most durably rich lands in the 
Union. Ditching is indispensable in preparing them for 
profitable cultivation ; then they produce a succession of 
luxuriant crops with the most wonderful vigor. They 
are especially adapted for sugar, and have been known to 
yield four hogsheads to the acre, which is more than twice 
the average of Louisiana productiveness. There is at least 
a million of acres of this land vacant in Florida, most of 
which can be bought of the State for less than two dollars 
per acre. 

The characteristic of the hammock, as distinguished 
from the pine land, is, that it is covered with a growth of 
underbrush, while the latter is open. Whenever the land 
is not so low as to be called a swamp and produces an 
undergrowth of shrubbery, it is called hammock. These 
lands stud the pine forests every few miles and vary in 
extent from twenty acres to forty thousand acres. The 



GUIDE 10 FLORIDA. 29 

low hummocks require a little ditching, and are adapted 
to the growth of the cane. The high hummocks are 
composed of very rich soil and produce, with very little 
cultivation, all the crops of the country. They require 
ho other preparation than clearing and ploughing, and 
are the lands most sought after by new settlers ; the price 
varies from 25 cents to ^25.00 per acre, according to 
location. 

The pine lands are generally cleared by girdling the 
trees and cutting away the underbrush. The following 
year nothing remains but the trunks and dry branches 
which offer no further impediment to the rays of the sun. 
The fertility of what is denominated " first-rate pine " is 
remarkable. Some districts have yielded during fourteen 
yesiis of successive cultivation, without the aid of manure, 
400 pounds of Sea Island Cotton to the acre. The poorer 
classes of pine lands are valuable for the raising of Sisal 
hemp. They afford an excellent range for cattle, and are 
vvorth still more for their timber and naval stores. Prices 
3f ''first-rate pine" land varies from 25 cents to ^10 
oer acre, according to location. 

Unimproved lands on the St. Johns River can be had 
It from $5 to ^15 ; and improved lands in the same 
locality at from ^20 to $30. Plantations in other parts 
Df the State, partially cleared ■ and having some improve- 
iTients, such as buildings and fences, are worth from $^ to 
gio per acre. Lands, having orange groves in bearing, 
ire from ^50 to ^250 per acre. On account of the genial 
:limate, the finished, compactly-built dwelling-houses of 
he more rigorous North are not required. Less expen- 
ive buildings, the cost being not more than from ;^20o 
o $500, will answer every purpose of health and comfort. 

The extraordinary variety of crops suitable to the 
|oil of Florida is alluded to on another page. Many of 



30 GUIDE TO FLORIDA. 

them, with much less of the cost and hard labor expended 
in other farming sections of th3 Union, can be made 
exceedingly profitable. For settlers of small means the 
early vegetable cultivation and the raising of fruit make 
handsome returns, and for large capitalists there are 
fortunes in the production of cotton, sugar, fine Cuban 
tobacco and naval stores. There are also similar induce- 
ments in stock raising, the cutting of timber and lumber, 
salt making and the fisheries. Enterprising men and 
women, who know ^' how to keep a hotel," can settle any- 
where along the railroad lines or on the St. Johns, and 
depend on constant and remunerative business. 

Visitors to Florida, for the first time, are usually appre- 
hensive about snakes. Notwithstanding its tropical situ- 
ation there are few poisonous reptiles in Florida. In 
some localities the rattlesnake may be found, if sought for 
diligently, but generally the only snake visible is a species 
of harmless, water snake. The alligators are not aggres- 
sive towards strangers. They are rather disposed to run 
than fight when attacked. The mosquitoes flourish in the 
summer season, as they do everywhere else, but are less 
voracious than the Jersey breed. The other bugbear to 
the stranger in Florida — the malarial fever, is spoken of 
elsewhere. When it does occur, it is of the very mildest 
type, is not necessarily dangerous and yields easily to 
simple rejtr^edies. 



GUIDE TO FLORIDA. 31 



Charleston, the principal city of South Carolina, and the 
largest on the Atlantic coast of the United States south of 
Baltimore, is situated on a tongue of land between the 
rivers Ashley and Cooper. Its population in 1870 was 
48,956, of which 26,173 were negroes and mulattoes. It 
is a large cotton and rice mart, and is connected with the 
interior of the country by extensive lines of railway. 

History — Charleston was originally settled by the 
iEnglish in 1679. It was one of the most important and 
opulent of the old colonial cities. In 1776 the British 
fleet, under Sir Peter Parker, was beaten off by the fort on 
Sullivan's Island. The city was captured by the British in 
1780. The great civil war of 1860-65 began here with 
the passage of the ordinance of secession in December, 
i860. 

Harbor — The harbor is one of the largest and hand 
somest on the coast of America. The ruins of Fort Sum- 
ter, situated at its entrance, constitutes the spot of most 
interest to strangers visiting Charleston. Castle Pinckney, 
a short distance from the city, and Fort Moultrie, on Sulli- 
van's Island, are also fortresses of historic renown. A 
packet yacht conveys visitors to these points every after- 
noon, ilnformation of the hour of sailings etc., may be 
bbtained at the hotels. 

Hotels — Visitors will find that the Charleston Hotel 
continues to deserve its well-earned popularity under the 
eflficient management of its proprietor, Mr. E. H. Jackson. 
Its entire service is unexceptionable. In the ticket office 
of the house will be found the well-known and obliging 
General Ticket Agent, Mr. A. Butterfield, from whom tour- 
ists may obtain all necessary information relative to routes, 



32 GUIDE TO FLORIDA. 

time, distance, and rates of fare. Among other favorite 
houses, too, may be mentioned the Pavilion Hotel, kept by 
G. T. Alford & Co. During the past year it has been 
refitted and decorated throughout, and offers first-class 
accommodations to its guests at reasonable prices. Its 
cuisine is said to equal that of Delmonico. 

Streets — Meeting street is the longest and most ele - 
gant avenue. King street is the fashionable shopping 
thoroughfare. They run parallel the entire length of the 
city. 

Public Mllildiiags — St. Michael's Church, a ven- 
erable edifice on the corner of Broad and Meeting streets, 
is worth seeing. The Post Office building at the lower 
end of Broad street, is an ante-revolutionary structure. In 
its cellars American prisoners were cruelly incarcerated 
during the war for independence. The new Custom House 
is an imposing marble building. The Orphan House on 
Calhoun street is one of the architectural ornaments of the 
city. On its grounds is a marble statue of William Pitt 
erected by the citizens of Charleston previous to the Revo- 
lution. The Charleston College, the Medical College, 
Roper's Hospital, the City Hall, the Citadel, and the Ar- 
senal, are large and handsome buildings. There is an in- 
teresting museum connected with the Charleston College. 

Fiaces 'worth Yisitillg' — Pleasant trips may be 
made by the ferry-boats to Moultrieville and Mount Pleas- 
ant, the summer resorts of the Charlestonians. Those who 
prefer to sail or row around the historic waters of 
Charleston Harbor, will find a fine collection of boats for 
hire, on reasonable terms, at Capt. Young's wharf. Magnolia 



' Savannah & Charleston R. R. 

THE INITIAL ROUTE SOUTH OF THE 

.G-REAT ATLANTIC COAST LINE. 

FROM 

CHARLESTON TO JACKSONVILLE, Fla. 

so XZOXJXXS. 

Passengers from Charleston to all points in Florida make the quickest time 
by this roate. 

On all Night Trains. 
SCHEDULE. 

EXPRESS TRAINS. DAY TRAINS (Sundays excepted). 

Leave Charleston 8.10 a.m. 

Arrive Savannah 3.30 p.m. 



Leave Charleston, Daily 5.00 p.m. 

Arrive Savannah, " 11.45 " 

Leave Savannah, " 11.30 " 

Arrive Charleston, " 7.05 a.m. 



Leave Savannah 9.30 a.m. 

Arrive Charleston, , 4.16 p.m. 

S. C. BOYLSTON, C. S. GADSDEN, 

Gen'l Freight & Ticket Agt., Charleston. Engineer and Supt. 



NOTRH EASTERN RAILROAD. 

Connecting at FLORENCE with the 

Wilmington, Augusta & Columbia Eailroad, 

And at CHARLESTON with the 

©nSAT JLTLiLHTIO COAST LINE, 

For and from 

ALL POINTS ON THE ATLANTIC SEABOARD. 

SCHEDULE. 

Leave Florence 3.45p.m. ll.SOnight. 

Arrive Charleston 9.15 p.m. 3.46 a.m. 

Leave Charleston ^ . 6.30 a.m. 7.00 p.m. 

Arrive Florence... ,. .,,..,.,, ,...,,,, 11.55 noon. 1.25 a.m. 

P, lU, C!«EAP©R, F. K. HUCER, « 

General Ticket Agent, guperiBt©o4est 



34 GUIDE TO FLORIDA. 

Cemetery, a short distance beyond the city lines, is a beau-- 
tiful spot and has many fine monuments. The Battery, at 
the lower end of Meeting street, is a magnificent prome- 
nade and afi'ords an excellent view of the harbor. The 
Burnt District, which extends from river to river across the 
middle of the city, marks the track of the great fire of 
1864. The Markets should be visited on a Saturday night, 
and some of the large Rice Mills are interesting. A trip 
to the wonderful Phosphate Grounds should not be omitted. 
At the Academy of Music, one of the most elegant theatres 
in the Union, operatic and dramatic performances are given 
during the winter. 



GUIDE TO FLORIDA. 35 

[advertisement.] 

Pulaski House— S. N. Papot & Co., Proprietors. 
This house, which has for many years been considered the 
leading hotel in Savannah, if not in the South, has lost 
none oi its prestige, and we can assure our readers that 
they will consult their comfort by patronizing it. Its 
location gives it many advantages over the other hotels of 
the city, not least among which is its southern frontage of 
273 feet, looking directly on Johnson Square (one of the 
most beautiful squares in the city), thereby giving all of its 
front rooms a southern exposure — a most important desider- 
atum in this climate, either in winter or summer. Since 
the death of its former proprietor, Major W. H. Wiltberger, 
i it has been leased to Messrs. S. N. Papot & Co., who have 
had the house thoroughly renovated. It has been painted, 
inside and out, many important changes made in the in- 
terior arrangements, the furniture has been renewed, and 
in fine everything has been done to make its guests abso- 
lutely comfortable. If kind and courteous treatment, with 
<:omfortable rooms, which cannot be excelled, offer any 
inducements to our friends going South, either for health 
■or pleasure, we think we can safely recommend them to 
patronize the Pulaski during their sojourn in Savannah, 
Passengers holding through tickets will take Pulaski 
House omnibuses. 



^6 GUIDE TO FLORIDA. 



The commercial emporium of the Empire State of the 
South is beautifully situated on the Savannah River, about 
1 8 miles from its mouth. Savannah, next to New Orleans, 
is the largest port of shipment of cotton in the Southern 
States, and one of the largest in the world. It is advan- 
tageously placed for a great, thriving and increasing busi- 
ness, the Savannah river affords it water communication 
with the Northern part of the state for 380 miles. The 
Atlantic and Gulf Railroad connects it with the rich and 
growing sections of Southern, Middle and Upper Georgia, 
and with Florida and the Gulf ports. The Georgia Central 
road running through Middle Georgia to Atlanta and the 
Savannah and Charleston Railroad to Charleston, S. C, are 
important links connecting the city with the West and 
North. There are four lines of first class steamers to 
New York, and weekly lines to Baltimore, Philadelphia 
and Boston. 

Savannah according to the census of 1870 had a popula- 
tion of 28,235, of which 13,068 were colored. Its receipts 
of cotton in 1872-3 amounted to 626,768 bales. It also 
exported 34,000,000 feet of lumber, and the total value 
of its exports that year was ^50,000,000, which gave it the 
rank of the third exporting port in the United States. The 
city is handsomely laid out with broad streets closely 
shaded by water oaks, live oaks, magnolia, sycamore and 
pride of India trees. At nearly every other corner 
there is a public square, planted with these magnificent 
shade trees. The number of these squares is 24. South, 
Broad and Bay streets have grassy promenades in the 
middle, with carriage ways on either side. 

Hotels. The principal hotels are the Pulaski House 
(S. N. Papot & Co.) the Marshall House, (A. B. Luce,) 
the European House, (John Bresnan,) and the Pavilion 
Hotel, (P. J. Hobart,) all of which are advertised elsewhere. 



GUIDE TO FLORIDA. 37 

There are many fine buildings in Savannah, among which 
may be mentioned the City Exchange, New Market House, 
St. Andrews Hall, the New Custom House and the Hall of 
the Georgia Historical Society. The Independent Pres- 
byterian Church and St. John's Episcopal Church have 
considerable architectural merits. 

Strangers will find many spots in and about Savannah 
worth visiting. Fort Pulaski, a few miles down the river 
was the scene of a long siege during the late war. The 
original cost of its construction was ^988,859. 

Forsyth Park though small in area (20 acres)— 
is quite a resort for the citizens and attractive to strangers, 
as it is composed mostly of the natural growth of the 
forests. The fountain in the centre, is considered a beau- 
tiful model. It is after the style of the fountains in the 
Place de la Concord in Paris. The walks are prettily laid 
out, and covered with shell. It is the fashionable resort for 
the elite of the city. 

- BonaTenture Cemetery, one of the loveliest 
spots in the world, has rural charms peculiar to itself. 
The long avenues, by the side of which the dead are sleep- 
ing are arched by the branches of great trees from which 
the gray moss sweeps in heavy festoons. There are some 
noticeable monuments in this cemetery, which derives its 
name from the original tract of which it formed a part, and 
which was first settled in or about 1670 by Col. John Mul- 
ryne, an Englishman. By the marriage of his daughter 
Mary in 1761 to Josiah Tatnall of Charleston, it came in- 
to possession of the latter family, and Gov. Tatnall of 
Georgia was born there in 1765. This marriage is of 
especial interest, as having, it is said, been the occasion of 
the planting of the great live oaks which now grace the 
spot. Tradition has it that they were planted in the forms 



38 GUIDE TO FLORIDA. 

of the letters M and T — the initials of the bride's and 
groom's respective family names. 

In 1847 the estate passed into the hands of a Capt. P. 
Wiltberger, and was by him adapted to its present use. 
His remains now rest within its limits.* 

Thunderbolt, a picturesque bluff, 5 miles from the 
city, from which a good view of the country can be ob- 
tained, is a favorite resort for pleasure parties. 

JTlonuments. A monument in honor of General 
Nathaniel Greene adorns Johnson Square. One to the 
memory of Count Pulaski is erected on the spot where he 
fell in the attack on the city in 1779. 

The Theatre is open during the winter season and 
presents the best musical and dramatic artists of the coun- 
try in succession. 

Views of Savannah, visitors invariably endeavor 
to visit the Photographic Studios and Ferrotype rooms of J, 
N. Wilson, situate at 143 Broughton St. and 21 Bull St. 
It is the oldest and finest establishment of the kind in the 
city, and visitors are always welcome whether they buy or 
not. Here may be seen a large and varied assortment of 
stereoscopic views of the beautiful Forest City and its 
lovely environs, the aggregate forming a complete art gallery. 

Savannah enjoys an enviable reputation for salubrity. 
During the winter months the hotels and private boarding 
houses are filled with Northern visitors. The climate is 
better suited to some invalids than points further South. 
Tourists bound to Florida usually sojourn a few days in 
Savannah to enjoy its genial weather and visit its places of 
interest. 

* This sketch was kindly furnished by Commodore JosiahTatnaU,andwi|l 
prove of interest to aU vJsiting: Savannah, 



39 

Points of ProDiinence in Florida and Sontliera Seorgia, on tlie 
Line of tie Atlantic anlMRailroai 

This Railroad is the great connecting link between the 
Atlantic coast railroads from the North (via Savannah) 
and Southern Georgia and Florida. It affords a through 
railroad connection for passengers and freight between 
those flourishing sections and Baltimore, Philadelphia, 
New York and Boston. 

The main trunk extends from Savannah to Bainbridge, 
on the Flint River, nearly to the Alabama State line, a 
distance of 236 miles. There are two branch roads ; one 
beginning atDu Pont and extending to Live Oak, a distance 
of forty-eight miles, and connecting with the Jacksonville, 
Pensacola and Mobile Railroad ; and the other from Tkom- 
asville to Albany, Ga., a distance of fifty-eight miles. 
The Atlantic and Gulf Railroad also connects at Jesup 
with the Macon and Brunswick R. R., and at Way Cross 
with the Brunswick and Albany R. R. ; passengers and 
freight are taken either for the coast, or for all points in 
Middle and Upper Georgia and Alabama. 



The following are the stations on the Atlantic and Gulf 
Railroad after leaving Savannah :. 

Tl^ays — 15^ miles from Savannah, 220^ miles 
from Bainbridge. Wood station. There are Presbyterian 
and Baptist Churches near here. The County seat of 
Bryan County is near here. Within one mile east of 
this station the road crosses the Great Ogeechee River. 
Some of the largest rice plantations in Georgia are 
situated on its banks. A short distance below the 
bridge the blockade runner, '^Rattlesnake," previously 
the *• Nashville," was sunk by the guns of the Federal 
fleet, then lying below Genesis Point. On this point was 
the Confederate battery, Fort McAllister, which was cap- 



40 GUIDE TO FLORIDA 

tured after a sharp fight, by Sherman's Army, on its 
*' march to the sea." 

F'lemiilg — 24 miles from Savannah and 212 miles 
from Bainbridge. Telegraph office. About fifteen miles 
from here, on the shore, is the harbor of Sunbury, 
one of the best on the Georgia coast, and one of the ear- 
liest settlements in the State. Visitors may see there the 
old Sunbury Fort and have a fine view of St. Catherine's 
Sound. At Fleming are Methodist and Baptist Churches. 

Mclllt^sll — 32 miles from Savannah and 204 
miles from Bainbridge. This station is two and one- 
half miles from the village of Flemington, Liberty County ; 
five miles from Hinesville, the County seat ; and ten miles 
from Riceboro, the head of water navigation on the North 
Newport River. 

^WalttlOMFVille — 39 miles from Savannah, 197 
miles from Bainbridge. The village of Walthourville is 
two miles from the station, and in ante bellum days 
was the summer residence of the wealthy planters of Lib- 
erty County. It was the birth-place of a number of the 
most eminent men of the State, and was noted for the 
intelligence and refinement of its society. Present popu- 
lation, 300. The place is a resort for invalids. There are 
good boarding houses kept by Messrs. Brown and Miller. 
Rates from ^1.50 to ^2.00 per day for transient visitors. 
The neighborhood abounds with deer and partridge. 
There are two churches in Walthourville, one Presbyterian 
and one Baptist. 

ttfolinstoil — 46 miles from Savannah, 190 miles 
from Bainbridge. Population, 150. The village con- 
tains a boarding-house, kept by Mrs. Johnston, two saw 
mills and a shingle mill near by. Plenty of game will 
be found in the vicinity. 

Upon leaving this station, the road descends into the 



GUIDE TO FLORIDA. 4I 

valley of the Altamaha River. This river is one of the 
largest in the State and is formed by the junction of the 
Oconee and Ocmulgee Rivers ; the former, navigable for 
steamboats to Dublin, and the latter to Macon. Darien, 
where a large trade is carried on in lumber and timber, 
lies near the mouth of the Altamaha. The Atlantic and 
Gulf Railroad crosses this stream upon a substantial lattice 
bridge of four spans, formed upon brick pieces of suffi- 
cient height for steamers to pass below. The swamp 
abounds in cypress and oak. The cypress is manufactured 
into shingles, and shipped to Macon, Savannah and North- 
ern ports, and quantities of oak staves are exported to 
France and Spain. 

I^OCtOFtoifSI — 53 miles from Savannah, 183 
miles from Bainbridge. This station is near the site 
of an old Indian town, which was the abode of a famous 
"medicine man," whence the name of the station. 

JTesup — 57 miles from Savannah, 179 miles from 
Bainbridge. Telegraph office. Junction of the Macon 
and Brunswick Railroad. Passengers take cars here for 
Macon, Atlanta, and all points in Middle and Northern 
Georgia, Alabama and Tennessee. Connection is also 
made here with the growing and prosperous city of Bruns- 
wick, forty miles distant on the Atlantic coast. Jesup will 
also be the Northern terminus of the Great Southern R. R. 
to Jacksonville, now under construction. The population 
of Jesup is about 500. Hotels, kept by Mrs. Blain and 
Mr. Williams, will accommodate about sixty guests. Rates 
$3.00 per day. Th.Q Jesup Georgian is published here. 

Screveii — 68 miles from Savannah, 168 miles 
from Bainbridge. Wood station. 

Upon the line of the road for the thirty miles west of 
this station, in the finest lumber region of the State, are 
situated eight or ten large circular saw mills. The 



42 GUIDE TO FLORIDA 

lumber interest is annually increasing in importance, and 
adds largely to the revenues of this road. The shipments 
of lumber over the road have increased from 8,000,000 
feet in 1866, to 32,000,000 feet in 1871. Short lateral 
branches are being constructed into the virgin forests on 
either side of the line, and it is probable that the annual 
shipments will continue to increase for many years to 
come. 

Patterson — 77 miles from Savannah, 159 miles 
from Bainbridge. There are three churches in the 
vicinity. 

Mlackstiear — S6 miles from Savannah, 150 miles 
from Bainbridge. Population, 800. County seat of 
Pierce County. There are in the village and vicinity four 
saw mills and a grist mill. The Knoles House (Mrs. Way) 
accommodates travelers at $2.50 per day or $7.00 per 
week. The country hereabouts is heavily timbered, and 
large quantities of round and square timber are cut and 
shipped. There is a Methodist Church in the village. 

Way Cross — 96 miles from Savannah, 140 miles from 
Bainbridge — Junction of the Brunswick and Albany R. R. 
— 57 miles from Brunswick. Population 600. County 
seat of Ware County. The town, which was laid out in 1 87 2, 
stands on a sandy ridge, with a clay sub-soil, and a clear, 
bold stream of running water on the south. There is a 
commodious hotel (board $2.00 per day or $30.00 per 
month), a fine Church (Methodist), a neat Academy and a 
number of beautiful residences. 

CeSjeauville — 97 miles from Savannah, i39' 
miles from Bainbridge. Telegraph office. Population 
about 100. Situated near the head of the great Okafono- 
kee Swamp, which abounds with game and fish, and is a 
famous resort of ihe sportsman. The Railroad House at 
this station, kept by J. W. Remshart, will accommodate 
about thirty guests at ^2.00 per day. y ,, 



GUIDE TO FLORIDA. 43 

Homer SVille— 122 miles from Savannah, 114 miles 
from Bainbridge. Population, 200. CouD-ty seat of 
Clinch County. The Okafonokee Swamp is near by. 
Cowart's Hotel and Hodge's boarding house afford 
good accommodations to visitors and sportsmen. Sugar 
cane is raised to some extent on the neighboring plan- 
tations. 

J>U Pont — 131 miles from Savannah, 105 miles 
from Bainbridge. Telegraph office. Junction with 
the Florida branch of the Atlantic and Gulf Railroad, 
(which see, at the end of this article.) The Railroad 
House accommodates travelers at ;^2,oo per day. In 
the village the Primitive Baptists have a small meeting- 
house. The climate here is agreeable and the water excel- 
lent. The country is heavily covered with yellow pine. 

Stockton — 1 39 miles from Savannah, 105 miles from 
Bainbridge. Wood station. 

]¥ayBor — 144 miles from Savannah, 97 miles from 
Bainbridge. Population, about 75. There are two saw 
mills and a wool-carding establishment near here. 

Valdosta — 157 miles from Savannah, 79 miles from 
Bainbridge. Telegraph office. Population, 2000. County 
seat of Lowndes County. The largest town on the rail- 
road between Savannah and Thomasville. It ships about 
5000 bales of cotton per season, and contains several mills, 
five white and two negro Churches, and two good hotels, 
Stuart's Railroad Hotel and Tranquil Hall, where accom- 
modations may be had at ^5.00 per week for permanent 
guests. The South Geoi'gia Times is published here. In 
the neighborhood are many natural curiosities; one 
of the small rivers enters a cave and disappears. 
Ocean Pond and Long Pond, from three to five miles in 
extent, afford the best fresh-water fishing in Georgia. 

From this station westward to Thomasville, the road 



44 GUIDE TO FLORIDA 

passes throttgh a region which, perhaps, offers more 
inducements to emigration than any other part of Southern 
Georgia or Florida. It is a rolling country, well watered, 
and thickly wooded with yellow pine and other timber, 
There are many thrifty farmers engaged in planting cotton, 
corn and sugar cane, and in raising stock for the Savannah 
market. In summer the southerly winds are cooled in 
passing over the Gulf of Mexico, and the nights are 
always pleasant. Cases of malarial disease are rare, and 
mosquitoes are almost unknown. In short, there is no 
other part of the Southern country possessing the same 
advantages of climate, soil and productions, of health, 
proximity to schools, churches and centres of trade, where 
land can be purchased at as small a price as in this vicin- 
ity. The Atlantic and Gulf Railroad was only extended 
to Thomasville at the beginning of the late war, and as it 
is not on any of the great Southern Through Lines, it has 
in a great measure escaped the attention of persons going 
South in pursuit of health or seeking a home. 

OMSley — 1 66 miles from Savannah, 70 miles from 
Bainbridge. Population, 150. Travelers are accommo- 
dated by J. A. and W. H, Ousley, In the vicinity are 
several pretty lakes. 

Two miles west of this station the road crosses the 
Withlacoochee River, an affluent of the Suwanee. Upon 
its banks and near the road are two springs (one of them 
a sulphur spring), which enjoy quite a local reputation. 

Qliatmail — 174 miles from Savannah, 62 miles from 
Bainbridge. Telegraph office. One of the most flourishing 
towns in Southern Georgia. Population, 1500. County 
seat of the fertile county of Brooks, which contains ten 
water and six steam mills. In Quitman are two carriage 
manufactories, a cotton and wool factory with a capital of 
;^ 7 5,000; five churches, belonging to the Methodists j 



GUIDE TO FLORIDA. 45 

Baptists and Presbyterians ; thirty business houses, mostly 
built of brick, and three educational institutions ; the 
Lovick Pierce College with 60 students, Quitman Academy 
with 100 students, and the Howard Institute (colored) 
with 60 students. This young town was planned and the 
streets blazed out of the pine forests in i860. Two weekly 
papers, Gallaher^s Independent and the Quitman Reporter^ 
both well conducted sheets, are published here. In the 
county is a partially explored cave, called the Devil's Hop- 
per, which is a great natural curiosity. The sulphur springs 
are four miles distant from the town. Travelers are ac- 
commodated at the City Hotel (D. U. McNeil), and Mc- 
intosh House (J. R. Edmonson). Rates $2.00 per day. 
-'Dixie — 'tZ\ miles from Savannah, 55 miles from 
Bainbridge. Bryan's Hotel has good accommodations at 
^1.50 per day. Near by is Dry Lake, a large and beauti- 
ful sheet of water, and a sink hole into which three rivers 
empty and show no outlet again. 

Soston — 188 miles from Savannah, 48 miles from 
Bainbridge. Population, 400. Ships 1800 bales of cotton. 
Several steam saw mills here, and Methodist, Baptist and 
Presbyterian churches. Boston is the proposed terminus 
of two new railroads \ one to St. Marys, Georgia, and the 
other to Greenfield, Georgia, and is growing rapidly. '^ 

'Thoiliasville — 200 miles from Savannah, -T^d miles 
from Bainbridge. Telegraph office. Junction with Albany 
branch of the Atlantic and Gulf Railroad,' (which see, at 
the end of this article.) Population, 4000. County seat 
of Thomas County. The town is situated on the highest 
land between Savannah and the Flint River, and rs 97 feet 
higher than Albany. It is the centre of a thriving trade 
and bids fair to become the most important town in 
Southern Georgia. Ite location is dry and healthy, and 



46 GUIDE TO FLORIDA. 

it is tnerefore a favorite resort for Northern invalids. The 
streets are broad and beautifully shaded with evergreens. 
The town has Episcopal, Methodist, Baptist, Presbyterian 
and Roman Catholic churches ; five saw mills, a foundry 
and a tannery, and two newspapers, the Southern Enter- 
prise and Thomasville Times. The South Georgia Agri- 
cultural and Mechanical Association holds its annual fairs 
here, generally continuing five days. The country around 
is cultivated with cotton and sugar, and is well settled. 
Travelers and invalids will find accommodations at the 
Gulf Railroad House, kept by G. W. Parnell, and Young's 
Hotel, by John McKinnon; charges $3.00 per day or 
$12.00 per week. At the boarding houses rates are from 
$20.00 to $25.00 per month. A Swiss Colony is success- 
fully engaged in the grape culture near Thomasville. 
Thomasville shipped about 1 2,000 bales of cotton last year. 

Cairo — 214 miles from Savannah, 22 miles from Bain- 
bridge. Population (i(>. Boarding houses kept by W. T. 
Rigsby, William Powell and Wily Pearce. Rates ;^i.oo 
per day. 

Whigham — 221 miles from Savannah, 15 miles from 
Bainbridge. 'A considerable trade done here with the 
surrounding country. 

Climax — 228 miles from Savannah, 8 miles from 
Bainbridge. Wood station. At this station the road 
descends westward into the valley of the Flint River. 

Bain bridg^e— 236 miles from Savannah. The 
Western terminus of the Atlantic and Gulf Railroad. 
Telegraph ofiice, and the head of navigation on the 
Flint River, which is navigable all the year. Steamboats 
make semi-weekly trips to Columbus, Georgia, on the 
Chattahoochee and Apalachicola, Florida, on the Gulf of 
Mexico. The population of Bainbridge is 2000. It con- 
tains a cotton factory, two steam saw mills, and three 



GUIDE TO FLORIDA. 47 

churches. Two newspapers, the Southern Sun and the 
Argus are printed here. The neighboring lakes abound 
with fresh- water fish. The Sharon House, kept by John 
Sharon, is a first-class country house. Board ^3.00 per 
day, ;^i5.oo per week. 

Bainbridge is the county seat of Decatur County. The 
local shipments of cotton are 11,000 bales. The steamers 
landing here bring about 16,000 bales per annum for ship- 
ment by rail to Savannah. The town is rapidly improving. 
It is also the terminus of the Bainbridge, Cuthbert and 
Columbus Railroad, (narrow gauge) now under construc- 
tion. 



F^mmmm ^mm^^m @f wmm ^wmm^ww ^^rp 



From Du Pont, Georgia, to Live Oak, Florida. 

Du Pont — 131 miles from Savannah, 132 miles from 
Jacksonville. The junction of the main trunk of the 
Atlantic and Gulf Railroad and the Florida Branch. 

Forrest — 143 miles from Savannah, 121 miles from 
Jacksonville. Wood station. 

^tateOTille — 151 miles from Savannah, iii miles 
from Jacksonville. Population, about 50. The place con- 
tains Baptist and Methodist churches. 

Jasper— 163 miles from Savannah, 99 miles from 
Jacksonville. Population, 150. County seat of Jasper 
County. Invalids take conveyances here for the Upper 
White Sulphur Springs, 18 miles distant. The country here- 
about is pleasant and healthy. Visitors to Jasper can be 
accommodated at the Stewart House, kept by Judge H. J. 
Stewart, and the Hately House, by Mrs. Z. Hately. 
Charges, ^15.00 to ^20.00 per month, ^2.00 per day. 



48 GUIDE TO FLORIDA. 

SilllV£lliee — 171 miles from Savannah, 90 miles 
from Jacksonville. Wood station. About one mile from 
his station is a most remarkable Sulphur spring, upon the 
rocky shore of the widely-sung ''Suwanee Ribber," and 
embowered in the live-oak and magnolia trees which shade 
its placid surface. The spring is about fifteen feet deep 
and as many feet in diameter ; its crystal-pure waters, as 
they pour into the river, are so clearly separate from the 
dark current flowing down from the Okafonokee Swamp, 
that the line of demarkation may be observed for some 
distance below the spring. This spring is well known for 
its efficiency in cases of rheumatism and dyspepsia, as is 
also the Upper White Sulphur, some miles farther up the 
river. 

liive Oak — 179 miles from Savannah, 8^ miles from 
Jacksonville. Telegraph office. Junction with the Jack- 
sonville, Pensacola and Mobile Railroad. 



From Thomasville to Albany, Georgia. 

Thomasville — 200 miles from Savannah, 60 miles 
from Albany. Junction of the main trunk and the Albany 
Division of the Atlantic and Gulf Railroad. 

Oklokliee — 211 miles from Savannah, 49 miles from 
Albany. 

PelliaiBl — 224 miles from Savannah;, 2>^ miles from 
Albany. 

Camilla — 232 miles from Savannah, 28 miles from 
Albany. Telegraph office. A new town, laid out in 1857, 
and growing rapidly. Population, 500. Ships 5000 bales 



GUIDE TO FLORIDA. 49 

of cotton. It is situated in the midst of a flourishing cot- 
ton region. The town contains several steam saw mills, 
two corn mills, Methodist, Baptist and Presbyterian 
churches, two good hotels and a number of boarding 
houses. Prices at the former, per day ^2.00 to ^2.50; 
per week, ^5.00 to ^6.00. County seat of Mitchell County. 
From this station to Albany the road runs near the east 
bank of the Flint River, and through an almost continuous 
belt of extensive and fertile cotton plantations. 

Bacoilton — 242 miles from Savannah, 18 miles from 
Albany. 

filardairay — 25 2 miles from Savannah, 8 miles from 
Albany. 

Albany — Telegraph Office, 258 miles from Savannah 
and on the Flint River. The terminus of three railroads, 
the Albany Branch of the Atlantic and Gulf Railroad, the 
Brunswick and Albany Railroad to the Atlantic coast, and 
the South-western Railroad to Macon. Population, 3500. 
County seat of Dougherty County. This is also a new 
place and has risen to the dignity of an incorporated city. 
It contains a number of mills and foundries, seven churches, 
two newspapers, the News and Central City^ and two ho- 
tels : the Town House, kept by Collier & Co., and the 
Albany House by M. Burnes. Rates $3.00 per day and 
$30.00 per month. Upland cotton is the staple product 
of the surrounding country. Blue Spring, three miles from 
Albany, is a bold stream, gushing from the earth, and 
abounding with fish. The many ponds in the county are 
supposed to have an underground connection with this 
spring. 



50 GUIDE TO FLORIDA. 



From Quincy, via Live Oak, to Jacksonville, by the 
Jacksonville, Pensacola and Mobile Railroad. 

The Jacksonville, Pensacola and Mobile Railroad con- 
nects the Apalachicola River in Western Florida with the 
Atlantic Ocean at Jacksonville, and therefore traverses the 
entire Northern section of the State, east of the Apalachi- 
cola. It also connects at Live Oak with the Atlantic and 
Gulf Railroad, and all stations in Georgia ; at Tallahassee 
with St. Marks and the Gulf of Mexico, and at Baldwin 
with Fernandina in the North and Cedar Keys in the 
South. At present the road is in running condition from 
Quincy east to Jacksonville, a distance of 189 miles. The 
road will be completed this winter to Chattahoochee, and 
the work of making the connection with Pensacola and 
Mobile will be pushed forward rapidly. 

The following are the stations on this road, going east : 
Quincy — 189 miles from Jacksonville. Telegraph 
oftice. Population, 800. County seat of Gadsden 
County. The Willard House, kept by Mrs. Willard, is 
recommended. Board, $3.00 pei day. There is a board- 
ing-house kept by Mrs. Innes. Quincy has three churches : 
Methodist, Episcopal and Presbyterian. A weekly news- 
paper, the Quincy Journal, is published here. The 
village is situated in Gadsden County, which before 
the war cultivated fine Cuba tobacco on a large and remu- 
nerative scale. The early vegetable business is flourishing. 
The neighborhood of Mount Pleasant, 12 miles from 
Quincy, is engaged in the cultivation of the Scuppernong 
grape, and produces a wine equal to the best of the Cali- 



GUIDE TO FLORIDA. 51 

fornia and Ohio vintages. A number of Swedish immi- 
grants have settled in Gadsden County, and have done so 
well that a large party has been induced to join them. 
Quincy is 22 miles from Bainbridge. Georgia, and with it 
has daily stage communication. 

midway — 12 miles from Quincy. 177 miles from 
Jacksonville. 

Tallaliassee — 2 4 miles from Quincy, 165 miles from 
Jacksonville. Telegraph office. The capital of the State 
of Florida, and county seat of Leon County. Population, 
2500. There are two newspapers published in Tallahassee, 
the Floridian, conservative, and the Sentinel, republican. 
The principal hotel is the City Hotel, by Mrs. Mary 
Archer It has accommodation for 150 guests. Board, 
;^4.oo per day. There are no manufactories. Leon 
County, in which Tallahassee is situated, is wholly a farm- 
ing county, and contains some of the best rolling lands in 
the State. About 12,000 bales of cotton are raised an- 
nually. )The climate is delightful, the summer's heat being 
tempered by the Gulf breezes. In the neighborhood of the 
city are Lakes Bradford, Jackson and Lafayette. The 
name of the second was given by General McCall, who 
was on Jackson's staff. Lake Lafayette received its name 
from the grant of land made by Congress to the Marquis, 
within the area of which the lake is situated. Tallahassee 
is connected with St. Marks on the Gulf of Mexico, by a 
branch of the Jacksonville, Pensacola and Mobile Railroad. 
Trains run through in an hour and a half. (See notice of 
St. Marks, at the end of this article.) The society of this 
town is distinguished for its intelligence and refinement. 

Chaires — 35 miles from Quincy, 153 miles from 
Jacksonville. 

Ijloyds — 42 miles from Quincy, 147 miles from Jack- 
sonville. Population, 200. The village contains a Bap- 



52 GUIDE TO FLORIDA. 

tist and two Methodist Churches. The railroad here runs 
through a flat, pine-wood country. 

Monticello Junction — 51 miles from Quincy, 
138 miles from Jacksonville. Connection is had here with 
the town of Monticello, county seat of Jefferson County, 
which is the terminus of a branch road, four and a quarter 
miles distant. The population of Monticello is about 2000. 
Telegraph office. The Monticello Advertiser is published 
here, and there are Episcopalian, Methodist, Baptist and 
Presbyterian churches. The principal hotel is the Monti- 
cello, with good accommodations, and kept by Mrs. M. 
A. Madden. Board and lodging may be had for $25.00 
per month. Lake Miccosukie is in this vicinity. Its 
banks are famous in the ancient history of Florida, as the 
camping ground of De Soto ; and in modern history, as 
the field of a sanguinary battle between General Jackson 
and the Miccosukie tribe of Indians. 

Monticello is twenty miles distant from Dixie, on the 
Atlantic and Gulf Railroad. 

Aucilla — 58 miles from Quincy and 131 miles from 
Jacksonville. 

CrOOdman — 65 miles from Quincy and 124 miles 
from Jacksonville. These two stations are shipping points 
for a fine planting country. 

madison — 79 miles from Quincy and no miles from 
Jacksonville. Telegraph office. Population between 700 
and 800. County seat of Madison County. The village 
contains Methodist, Baptist and Presbyterian churches. 
The lands hereabouts are good, and there is considerable 
early garden truck raised for the Northern markets. The 
Phoenix Mills in the village are of large capacity. Trav- 
elers can be accommodated at the house of Mr. W. E. 
Howells, at $2.50 per day. In the County of Madison the 
beautiful Lakes Rachel and Mary Frances, and Cherry 
Lake are situated. They abound with fish. 



GUIDE TO FLORIDA. 53 

EillaTille — 94 miles from Quincy and 95 miles from 
Jacksonville. An extensive lumbering place ; situated on 
the Suwanee River, which empties into the Gulf of Mex- 
ico. Population, about 500. There are large saw mills at 
this place, whose cutting capacity is fifty thousand fee{; 
daily, also planing and grist mills. A boarding house in 
the village is kept by Mrs. Drew. The church is used by 
all denominations. 

Ijive Oak — 107 miles from Quincy and 82 miles 
from Jacksonville. The junction with the Atlantic and 
Gulf Railroad to Savannah, and all railroad points North. 
Telegraph office. Countyseatof Suwanee County. Popula- 
tion, 800. The village contains a saw mill, a planing mill, 
a manufactory and a church, which is used alternately by 
the Episcopalians, Baptists, Methodists and Presbyterians. 
The Live Oak Herald \s published here. Conner's Hotel 
affords good accommodations. Fare, $3.00 per diem. 
There is a private boarding house kept by Mrs. McLarran. 
Near the village are many waterfalls, some of them very 
pretty. The site of Live Oak was once an Indian camping 
ground. The Live Oak Times is published here. 

Welitoorn — 119 iniles from Quincy and 71 miles 
from Jacksonville. Passengers going to White Sulphur 
Springs stop here. Population, 350. Wellborn is situated 
on the highest point above the level of the Gulf, on this 
railroad. It is in a healthy country and a resort for inva- 
lids. ^ The celebrated White Sulphur Springs on the 
Suwaiiee River, are eight miles distant. They are much 
used by sufferers from dyspepsia and rheumatism. Lake 
Wellborn and several other inland sheets of water, are in 
this neighborhood, and are well stocked with fish. The 
village contains two churches, one used by the Baptists, 
and the other by the Methodists and Presbyterians. ^ Trav- 
elers and invalids are accommodated at the houses of H. 



54 GUIDE TO FLORIDA. 

D. Rigsbee, S. L. Williams and others. Rates, ^1.50 
daily, ;^7.oo to ^8.00 weekly, ;^2o.oo to ^jo.oo monthly. 

liake City — 130 miles from Quincy and 59 miles 
from Jacksonville. Telegraph office. A city of 2000 
'inhabitants. An United States signal service station and 
the seat of justice of Columbia County. The place con- 
tains cotton, saw and grist mills j and seven churches be- 
longing to the Roman Catholic, Presbyterian, Methodist, 
Episcopalian and Baptist denominations. The Lake City 
Press J edited by Captain E. W. Davis, is published here. 
Lakes Isabella, De Soto and Hamburg are within the city 
limits, and Indian Lake within a quarter of a mile. There 
is a chalybeate (iron, sulphur and magnesia) spring, about 
half a mile from the city, and one of the best sulphur 
springs in the South within 12 miles. The lakes and 
-Streams are stocked with trout, bream, perch, (mawmouth, 
speckled, sand and mud) gar and other varieties of fish ; 
and the surrounding country with deer, bears, wild turkeys, 
partridges, snipe, (English and gray) and wild ducks. 
Every planter has from one to two dozen orange trees. 
The dim remains may be seen, about hrJf a mile from Lake 
City, of trenches built by De Soto in his conflicts with the 
Indians over three hundred years ago. The city has three 
hotels, the Cathey House by J. W. Cathey, Hancock 
House by Mrs. Ashurst, and Thrasher House by T. B. 
Thrasher, each containing from 25 to 30 rooms. 

Olustee — 142 miles from Quincy and 47 miles from 
Jacksonville. Olustee is the site of the most important 
battle fought in Florida during the late civil war. Major 
General Trueman Seymour, with a large body of United 
States troops, in February, 1864, marched from Jackson- 
ville, westward, and at this place encountered the Confed- 
erate army under Brigadier-General Joseph Finegan. A 
desperate battle ensued, which lasted all day, and was 



GUIDE TO FLORIDA. 55 

characterized by great bravery on both sides. General 
Seymour was beaten, and retreated from the field, aban- 
doning his dead and wounded to the enemy. His loss 
was 1 200, including Colonel Fribley, of the negro troops, 
killed. Finegans's loss was 250. The Confederate cavalry 
pursued General Seymour as far as Baldwin, picking up 
many prisoners. 

Sanderson — 152 miles from Quincy and 37 miles 
from Jacksonville. Telegraph Office. County seat of 
Baker County. 

^SSaldwin — 170 miles from Quincy and 19 miles 
from Jacksonville. Telegraph Office. Junction with the 
Florida Railroad, connecting with Fernandina and the 
Atlantic Ocean on the north, and Cedar Keys and the 
Gulf of Mexico, on the south. (See article on the Florida 
Railroad.) The telegraph line to Cuba branches off at 
this station. 

White Mouse — 178 miles from Quincy and 11 
miles from Jacksonville. 

Jacksonville— 189 miles from Quincy. Termi- 
nus of the J. P. & M. Railroad. Telegraph Office. Boats 
for all points on the St. Johns River, and connecting with 
the St. Augustine Railroad at Tocoi, are taken here. (See 
article on the St. Johns River.) 

From Tallahassee to St. Marks. 

A branch railroad of 21 miles in length, connects Tal- 
lahassee with the port of St. Marks, on the Gulf of 
Mexico. 

St. Marks — 21 miles from Tallahassee. Telegraph 
Office. A small settlement. Connection is made here 
with steamers for New Orleans, Pensacola, Apalachicola, 
Cedar Keys, Key West and Havana. 



56 GUIDE TO FLORIDA. 



From Fernandina, via Baldwin, to Cedar Keys, 

BY THE Atlantic, Gulf and West India 

Transit Go's Railroad. 

The Florida Railroad stretches across the State, from 
the city of Fernandina in the extreme north-east, to Gedar 
Keys on the Gulf of Mexico, 154 miles south-west; thus 
connecting the waters of the Gulf and the Atlantic with 
an iron link. The road is well built and comfortable, and 
passes through some of the most picturesque parts of 
Florida. Through trains leaving daily from either termi- 
nus make the passage in twelve hours. 

The following are the stations on this route : 

Fernandina — Telegraph Office. An old but 
thriving city ; situated on the inner or western shore of 
Amelia Island, and at the mouth of the Amelia River, 
which divides it from the main land, and forms, with Cum- 
berland Sound, one of the best and safest seaports on the 
Atlantic coast, south of the Virginia capes. The city was 
built by the Spaniards. For , many years it languished, 
but the completion of the railroad connection with the 
Gulf of Mexico gave it a new start, and it is now one of 
the most promising cities in the South. The population is 
about 2500. The harbor of Fernandina is so capacious, 
that, during the war of 181 2, when the town was Spanish 
and neutral, more than three hundred square-rigged 
vessels were congregated together in its waters at one 
time. The harbor is land-locked, aud indeed can hold 
immense fleets in safety from the raging gales of the Atlan- 
tic outside. Vessels drawing 19 or 20 feet can cross the 
bar at high tide, while vessels of the deepest draught can 
unload at the wharves. 



GUIDE TO FLORIDA. 57 

The lumber interest in this city is very considerable and 
is increasing. There are four large saw mills in operation, 
and others are contemplated. English capital has lately 
started a large cotton-ginning establishment, and there is a 
prbspect of the town becoming a large depot for Govern- 
ment naval stores. It is to the market gardener that the 
neighborhood of Fernandina offers the greatest induce- 
ments. Vegetables can be raised, particularly in the win- 
ter season, so much earlier than at the North, that they are 
a very profitable article of shipment to New York. 

Fernandina has seven churches, one Episcopal, one 
Presbyterian, two Methodist, two Baptist and one Roman 
Catholic. It is the seat of the Episcopal Bishoprick of 
Florida. A large and flourishing academy for young 
ladies is under the charge of the Bishop. There is one 
newspaper published in the city, entitled the Fernandina 
Observer. A good first-class hotel is greatly needed in 
Fernandina, and any capitalist would find the establishment 
of such a house abundantly remunerative. At present the 
rates charged per day are from $2.00 to $3.50, but there 
are numerous boarding houses where hberal term.s can be 
made by the week or month. The healthfulness of Fer- 
nandina cannot be surpassed in the South. The cool sea 
breeze in summer makes it a delightful residence, while the 
general mildness of the climate in winter renders it equally 
attractive. 

Direct communication is had with all the principal 
railroad points in Florida and seaports to the northward j 
and a new railroad is contemplated from Fernandina to 
Jacksonville, which will lessen the traveling distance be- 
tween that place and Savannah. Besides its pleasant 
climate, Fernandina has, in its neighborhood, some places 
of historical interest and natural beauty, which make it 



58 GUIDE TO FLORIDA 

attractive to visitors. The magnificent sea beach affords 
at low water a drive of eighteen miles on a road as smooth 
and hard as the bed of a billiard table. An interesting 
excursion is to Dungeness, — miles distant ; the seat of 
the illustrious General Nathaniel Greene of Revolutionary- 
memory. The estate was presented to the General by the 
people of Georgia, in recognition of his services as com- 
mander of the Southern provincial army during the most 
critical period of the struggle. It consists of ^ about 
10,000 acres, and has been laid out with great taste and 
care. QyThe gardens are superb. The visitor can see here 
how the olive flourishes in the South, making beautiful 
groves traversed by avenues ; also avenues of live oaks, 
those giants of the forest, hanging with the sombre though 
graceful Spanish moss, which droops in long festoons from 
every limb. On the beach, about half a mile from the 
Dungeness mansion, may be seen the grave of General 
HenryLee, of Virginia, the famous '^ Light Horse Harry" 
of the Revolution. He died at this place in March, 181 8, 
aged 6^ years. A headstone, erected by his son. General 
Robert E. Lee, the Commander-in-chief of the Confed- 
erate armies, marks the spot where the hero is buried. 

Hart's Road — 12 miles from Fernandina, 142 
miles from Cedar Keys. Wood station. 

Callahan — 27 miles from Fernandina, 127 miles from 
Cedar Keys. Junction point of the Great Southern R. R. 
from Jesup to Jacksonville, now under construction. The 
village has two churches. The station is situated on an 
extensive marl bed, and is surrounded by a valuable forest 
of yellow pine, cypress, live oak, white oak, &c. Travel- 
ers who have a curiosity to see live rattlesnakes can gratify 
it in the woods hereabouts. 

Baldirin — Telegraph Office. 47 miles from Fer- 
nandina, 107 miles from Cedar Keys. The junction with 



GUIDE TO FLORIDA. 59 

the Jacksonville, Pensacola and Florida Railroad. The 
City of Jacksonville is only 20 miles distant. Population 
of this settlement, about 150. It contains two hotels, the 
Baldwin House and the Florida House, which have 
accommodations for 100 guests. Charges, ^^4.00 per 
diem. 

Trail Rid^e — 62 miles from Fernandina, 92 miles 
from Cedar Keys. 

I§tarke — 73 miles from Fernandina, 81 miles from 
Cedar Keys. Population, 250. There is a church in the 
village, and three within the distance of a mile, all Meth- 
odist. No hotel, but a good boarding house, kept by Mrs. 
T. B. Hoyt, who charges ^1.50 per day or ^25 per month. 
There are a number of lakes from two and a-half to ten 
miles distant, some of them large with very clear water. 
Game is scarce, but fresh water fish abound in the lakes. 
This part of Florida is principally inhabited by small far- 
mers, who cultivate the sea island cotton, corn, sugar cane, 
sweet oranges, peaches and a variety of garden pro- 
ductions. 

Waldo — 84 miles from Fernandina and 70 miles from 
Cedar Keys. Junction of the railroad now being con- 
structed to Tampa Bay. Population, about 125. Has 
two Baptist and one Methodist churches. No hotel, but 
board can be obtained in private families, at from ^^15,00 
to ^20.00 per month. The village has two mills for gin- 
ning cotton. Santa Fe Lake is about two miles distant. 
It is about nine miles long and four wide, and affords 
excellent facilities for boating and fishing. About six 
miles from Waldo there is a natural sink in the land cover- 
ing about two acres. A stream runs into it continually, 
and yet there is no visible outlet. The Santa Fe River 
disappears several miles from the village, and flows under 
grOun(fy thus forming a iia,tur?il bi-idge, Th^ lakes md 



6o GUIDE TO FLORIDA. 

creeks here about are filled with trout and perch, and the 
woods with deer, ducks, quails, etc. This neighborhood 
is remarkable for its healthfulness. The only local dis- 
ease is the malarial fever, which prevails during the later 
months of summer, but which is in a mild form and easily 
controlled by remedies. The climate is peculiarly adapted 
to sufferers from diseases of the lungs, the air being dry 
and pleasant. 

Gainesville — 96 miles from Fernandina, 55 miles 
from Cedar Keys. Telegraph Office. The largest and 
most important station on the Florida Railroad, and a 
favorite resort for invalids. County seat of Alachua 
County. Population, 1500. The town contains Presbyte- 
rian, Baptist, Methodist and Episcopalian churches, three 
flourishing academies, two newspapers, the Independent, 
republican, and the New Era, conservative, and three 
hotels with good accommodations. The latter are : Oak 
Hall, Colonel Lemuel Wilson, proprietor ; Exchange 
Hotel, P. Shemwell, proprietor; Beville House, Mrs. S. 
P. Beville; board, ^2.00 to ^3.00 per day, or ^25.00 to 
;^30.oo per month. There are two livery stables, affording; 
ample means for conveyance into the interior and to the 
natural curiosities with which the vicinity abounds. The 
Alachua, a body of water, termed in Florida, a '^sink," 
is the recipient of several streams, with a subterranean 
passage to the ocean. It is filled with alligators and all 
kinds of fish, and the surrounding scenery is very charm- 
ing and romantic. In Alachua County there is a large 
and beautiful prairie, twenty miles long and five miles 
wide. The county is the largest in the State, with a pop- 
ulation of 20,000. There are twenty-eight public schools. 
A tri-weekly mail line starts from Gainesville for Tampa 
on the Gulf. Passengers are taken. There is plenty of 
game in the woods. Oranges, lemons, limes, grapes^ 



GUIDE TO FLORIDA. 61 

bananas and peaches thrive here. Peach trees sometimes 
bear at the age of fifteen months, a thing unknown in any 
other section of the Union. Garden truck is raised in 
abundance for the Northern markets. Immigrants are 
welcomed. Land from 75 cents to ^50.00 per acre. New- 
mansville and Micanopy are important towns in the county, 
which have stage connections with Gainesville. 

Archer — 113 miles from Fernandina, and 41 miles 
from Cedar Keys. The Suwanee River is distant about 
25 miles. Population, 200. No hotels, but travelers are 
accommodated at the houses of Joseph S. McDonell and 
Mrs. Young. There are three Methodist and one Baptist 
churches. Hereabouts are magnificent pine forests and 
beautiful prairie views. 

^Sronson — 122 miles from Fernandina, and 32 miles 
from Cedar Keys. A new place, settled mostly since 
the war. Population about 100. It is the county seat of 
Levy County. There is one church (Methodist), and a 
hotel of limited capacity, the Jackson House, but the fare 
is excellent. Board can be obtained in private families at 
about ^i.oo per day. Twelve miles from the village is an 
inexhaustible bed of iron ore, which has not yet been 
worked. The railroad here passes through some of the 
finest land in the State, the Gulf hummock, adapted for 
the culture of sugar cane, cotton, corn, &c. In the 
neighboring creeks, besides many varieties of fish, there 
are an abundance of soft-shell turtles, which, when prop- 
erly prepared, make a very savory and delicious dish. 

Otter Creek — 135 miles from Fernandina, 19 miles 
from Cedar Keys. 

Palmetto — 144 miles from Fernandina, 10 miles 
from Cedar Keys. 

Cedar Keys-^i 54 miles from Fernandina, 126 miles 
from Jacksonville. The Gulf of Mexico terminus of the 



62 GUIDE TO FLORIDA. 

Florida Railroad. Regular packet steamers connect here 
with New Orleans, Key West and Havana. Population, 
400. There are two hotels, the Gulf House, fare ^^2.50, 
and the Exchange, ^^3.00 per day. The Suwanee River en- 
ters the Gulf eighteen miles west of Cedar Keys, and the 
Withlacooche, eighteen miles south. The former is 
navigable to Ellaville. Cedar Keys is situated on a fine, 
large bay, which affords excellent facilities for bathing, 
boating and fishing. 

The New Orleans, Florida and Havana Steamship Com- 
pany dispatch one of the steamers of their line every 
Saturday morning for Havana, New Orleans and Key 
West. Passengers desiring to go by these steamers should 
be in Cedar Keys on Friday night. 



, Wmm Bt. Iqm^s Mirmm. 

This grand water-course of Eastern Florida, has it^ 
source in the springs and swamps of the southern extremity 
of the peninsula, and flowing northward, for a distance of 
four hundred miles, turns abruptly eastward in the neigh- 
borhood of Jacksonville, and empties into the Atlantic 
Ocean. Its whole course lies through an extremely level 
region. For one hundred and fifty miles it has an average 
width of more than one and a-half miles, and is said to 
carry a volume of water much larger than does the Rio 
Grande, which is one thousand miles long. In some 
places it expands to a width of six miles, nor does it con- 
tract at any point to less than a mile, below Lake George. 
" Many of the tributaries of the St. Johns are navigabU 
to quite a distance by steamboats, and it is believed that 



GUIDE TO FLORIDA. 63 

this river and its navigable branches give one thousana miles 
of water transportation. The river scenery is not only 
beautiful, but to the stranger's eye, has the additional 
charm of novelty. The luxuriance of the tropical vegeta- 
tion, the pretty villages nestling amid magnificent shade 
trees or orange groves along the banks, and the broad, 
placid waters through which the steamer ploughs its way, 
combine to make a picture of surpassing loveliness. v 

The banks of the St. Johns are the principal attraction 
to the invalids coming to Florida in search of a balmy 
climate, change of scene and pleasant surroundings. 
Thousands of visitors from the North are scattered among 
its towns and villages every winter. The means of access 
are easy and comfortable. Large steamers ascend as far 
as Palatka, from which smaller steamers continue the tour- 
ist's journey on the St. Johns to Lake Monroe, and on the 
Oclawaha River to Silver Springs, and the interior lake 
country.^'', The regular packets from Jacksonville are the 
Florence, which runs to Palatka, 75 miles and back, every 
day; and the steamers Darlington and Hattie, a semi- 
weekly line to Enterprise, a distance of 205 miles. 
These steamers are commanded by polite and gentlemanly 
officers, and are very well furnished. The local fares on 
Brock's line of steamboats, from Jacksonville to Green 
Cove Springs and intermediate landings, are ^i.oo ; from 
Jacksonville to landings between Green Cove Springs and 
Palatka, ;^ 2. 00. Meals, ;^ i . 00 each extra. From Jackson- 
ville to Mellonville and Enterprise, including meals and 
staterooms, ^9.00; and from Palatka to Mellonville and 
Enterprise, including meals and staterooms, ;^6.oo. The 
through trip from Jacksonville to Enterprise, including 
time of stoppages, consumes 36 hours. 

The following are brief notices of the principal points 
on the river : 




NORTON & KOOKER, 

Recti JEstate JLgertts, 

DEALEES IN 

SXJBXJI^BAIV LOTS. 

The aiteutiou of Capitalists and those coutemplating an investment for residential 
purposes, is directed to the beautiful Suburb of 

S©R IMS RIBS 

x\djoiniDg the City ol Jacksonville. 

Springfield is laid out in four acre squares, giving in each square twelve lots 69 2-S 
by 156 feet and four lots 58 by 209 feet. The streets are all four rods wide except Broad 
avenue (now shelled) which is one hundred feet wide. There are about twenty acres in 
the centre of the tract set aside for a park. There are already several of the neatest 
and most commodious dwellings in this vici ity located in Springfield, all belonging 
to the right kind of people, and quite a number of other lots have been sold, that are 
not yet built upon, for from $200 to $250 per lot. Title is perfect and beyond any f ossi- 
bility of dispute. 

We now propose to sell a limited number of lots on the following terms : 

To approved parties who desire to make homes, and who will build a neat dwelling, 
worth at least $1,200, fence and set out shrubbery and a line of shade trees along the fro t 
of their lot, fifteen feet from the front line, we will sell one lot, size as above, for $25. 

To parties who do not want to build at once, but who will fence and set trees and 
shrubber as above, we will sell one lot for $50. 

We also offer to s perintend the fencing and clearing of lots, setting of trees, and 
the construction of houses, without extra charge of any kind, for parties who will fur- 
nish the money to pay for actual expenses of labor and material us.^d. We will even 
go so faras tosu -erintend the planting and care of orange trees for those who desire 
it, until they come into bearing, for a trifling consideration, and will guarantee suc- 
cess By this means, for a small sum, one can get a lot which in a short time will in- 
crease in value to the amount of fro n $300 to $500 at least, and if planted with oranges 
and grapes to very much more. ^ .,. ^ , i, xu 

It may appear strange to you that we sell lots at these prices, and then take all the 
trouble of improving them without charge when we claim that so small an outlay will 
make them worth so much money. The secret is this : We have over one thousand of 
these lots, more contiguous and easy of access to the business portion of Jacksonville 
than any others to be had, higher and more healthful than any other locality, but m 
order to sell them rapidly we must induce pe pie to improve. In order to do this we 
must offer inducements to pioneers and shom' them that there is money in 
IT. We must make Springfield popular and turn attention in that direction. If one 
good man buys and improves a lot, his improvements enhance the value of all the sur- 
rounding lots and induce some one else to buy, settle and improve there also. We can 
afford to be liberal to those who come first, and we propose to be so. The liberal policy 
is much preferable and more sure of rapid success as the result than the stupid, old 
fogy plan of trying to make all the money ourselves. We intend to make money and 
give purchasers a chance to make money also. We desire to " live and let live." 

In addition to all this we propose to spend all the money received for lots over $2o 
each, in opening and grading streets, setting out shade trees, building walks, Ac, until 
the whole tract is impro ed, after which we expect t make a snug sum of ' $" for 

We mean business, and are full of faith that in five years Springfield will be the 
locality where most of our best residences will be found, as the land is higher and niore 
healthful, more contiguous to the centre of business than any other locality. It is free 
from any unpleasant surroundings. It has no shanties nor dwellers in shanties and 
WILL NOT HAVE, as we will not sell to them at any price No other section of the city 
Or suburbs can say this, as in all others all classes and conditions are mixed in toge her 
from one end of the town to the other. . 

Now is just the time for you to buy a lot in this growing young city, and Springfield 
is the best locality in which you can select it, either for residence or for profitable 
speculation. 

Loans on Real Estate. Security carefully placed for Capitalists. Visitors always 
welcome, and information given with pleasure. 

Office, Cor, Ocean St., near Bay St. 

JACKSONVILLE, Fla 



GUIDE TO FLORIDA. 65 

Springfield, a locality to the North of Jacksonville, of more 
recent growth, is expected to be in time the centre of the 
growth of fashionable residences of northern sojourners. 
The land here slopes from a considerable height south- 
ward to Hogan's Creek, the city limit, and commands a 
fine view of the St. Johns River and surrounding country. 
Those who wish to know more of this spot will receive 
courteous attention from Messrs. Norton & Kooker, whose 
notice appears elsewhere in this book. The villages of 
Riverside, Reed's Landing, South Shore and Alexandria 
are reached by ferryboat. Land at either of the points 
mentioned can be advantageously purchased. 

The principal business thoroughfare is Bay street, and 
from this, at right angles, branch off the other streets of 
Jacksonville. Bay street, for a distance of three-quarters 
of ^ mile, is built up on both sides with soUd brick busi- 
ness houses, and is a leading feature of interest to visitors. 

Hotels* From its attractions as a winter resort, Jack- 
sonville has acquired most excellent hotel accommodations, 
and we can refer our readers with satisfaction to the list of 
hotels and boarding houses at the end of this book. The 
Grand National, which is the finest house to be found 
south of Charleston, is situated on Bay street, about 200 
yards from the depot. This hotel has a frontage of 175 
feet, an enclosed park opposite for the use of guests, com- 
manding one of the loveliest views of the St. Johns River, 
and is conducted by Mr. Geo. McGinley, one of the most 
successful of hotel managers. The St. Johns, a large and 
commodious house, kept by Wilder & Co. The Metropol- 
itan, by J. B. Togni (ad. page 15), and several other good 
hotels, besides many boarding houses, afford ample and 
desirable room for travelers at reasonable rates. 

Educational EstaMishments. Both the Pro- 
testant and Roman GathoHc portions of the commmiity 



66 GUIDE TO FLORIDA. 

are furnished with the means of careful education. For 
the former St. Mary's Priory, under the personal supervision 
of the Episcopal Bishop of the Diocese, and for the latter, 
the St. Joseph's Academy, under the Lady Superior, as- 
sisted by the Sisters of the Order of St. Joseph, offer com- 
plete courses of study and discipline, without sectarian 
proselytism, to those whose children's health demand a 
southern climate. 

Commerce and Jlldlislries. As a trade centre, 
this city must, as the outlet for the immense lumber busi- 
ness of the State on the one hand, and its chief port of 
entry for the merchandise of the world on the other, nec- 
essarily retain its pre-eminence, and continually attract 
to its counters the business of dealers from the interior, who, 
even now, rarely go as they did once to Savannah or 
Charleston to buy their goods. Jacksonville merchants 
show in this, and many other regards, the enterprise which 
not only deserves but commands success. There are nine 
large saw mills in operation, for instance, while many 
others located along the thousand miles of inland naviga- 
ble water ship their lumber from this port. During the 
present winter, too, it is expected that the Great Southern 
Railroad will be opened to travel, shortening the ride to 
New York by at least twelve hours. 

Banking facilities are offered at the Banking Houses of 
D. G. Ambler and Denny & Brown, both on Bay street. 
There is a Freedman's Saving Bank situated on the corner 
of Ocean and Bay Streets, and a New National Bank is 
this year to be started. Among the industrial enterprises 
may be especially mentioned the manufacture from the 
palmetto leaf of a fine quality of bank note paper. A shoe 
factory and a cotton factory are both talked of, and, more 
important than all, direct steamship communication with 
New York is seriously contemplated for the coming season. 



GUIDE TO FLORIDA. 67 

Nor should mention be forgotten of the novel industry of 
wild orange champagne manufacture, recently entered up- 
on by Mr. J. H. Paine, a chemist, who has lately made 
Jacksonville his home. From the refuse of the wine pro- 
cess he also eliminates a valuable wax, and an essential oil 
which commands a high price. 

The Fire Department of Jacksonville is, in its 
apparatus BXidi personel^ another unmistakable evidence of 
the city's enterprise, and includes in its equipage two fine 
Amoskeag engines and several handsome hose carriages 
and trucks. 

Points of Interest. A visit to Jacksonville 
would be incomplete without a drive out by the magnifi- 
cent shell road, cut one hundred feet wide through the pine 
forest, a distance of four miles, to the now famous Mon- 
crief s Springs, the waters of which possess rare medicinal 
virtues, especially beneficial for sufferers by malarial com- 
plaints. The place is said to have derived its name from 
a French Jew who, having married an Indian maiden, was 
here robbed and slain by her relatives. Recently a com- 
pany was formed, with the Mayor of Jacksonville at its 
head, for the purpose of improving the grounds about the 
springs, and rendering them a pleasant resort for Jack- 
sonville visitors. Two fine baths, or pools, have been es- 
tablished with dressing rooms attached; a restaurant, 
pavilion and orchestra stand have been erected, and now 
there are few, if any, pleasanter springs than Moncriefs to 
be found anywhere throughout the South. 

Visitors desiring to carry home mementoes of Jackson- 
ville, will find at the gallery of Messrs. Wood & Bickle, on 
Bay street, a fine assortment of stereoscopic views of the 
many interesting points in and about the city. 

At D n Greenleaf s Museum of Florida Curiosities, 
il§© OR Bay street, they may pass^ too, an instructive and en= 



68 GUIDE TO FLORIDA. 

tertaining visit in inspecting his valuable collection of liv- 
ing reptiles, birds and wild animals. This museum, where 
crowds daily assemble, is among the fashionable resorts of 
the city during the winter season. 

A point which we would suggest to tourists to Florida, 
is the folly of taking supplies with them. An inspection of 
the advertisements of Jacksonville merchants, elsewhere 
published, will direct the reader to where, on arrival, he 
may purchase all the luxuries, as well as all the necessaries 
of life at the most reasonable and moderate rates. Every 
firm whose card is admitted to this Guide may be relied 
upon for probity and fair dealing with the traveler. 



N. B.— FOR DIRECTORY OF JACKSONVILLE ADVEETISEM I'lNT^ 
SEE END OF THIS BOOK. 



Mulberry CJroVC — The first landing-place after 
leaving Jacksonville, 1 2 miles distant, on the west bank. 
A beautiful grove. 

Mandarin — 15 miles from Jacksonville, on the 
east bank, a village of 200 inhabitants, one of the old- 
est settlements on the river j has several stores and two or 
three fine orange groves. This place is of interest to 
Northern visitors as being the winter residence of Mrs. 
Harriet Beecher Stowe. Her house is near the bank, a 
few rods to the left of the shore end of the pier. It is a 



GUIDE TO FLORIDA- 69 

moderate-sized cottage of dark brown color. The most 
conspicuous feature of her place are some towering water- 
oaks. She owns about 40 acres of land, three or four of 
which are planted with orange trees. 

fiibemia — 25 miles from Jacksonville, on the west 
bank. This is quite a resort for invalids. Mrs. Fleming 
has a large, commodious house, which will accommodate 
about forty boarders and is one of the first to fill up. 

jflag^nolia — 28 miles from Jacksonville, on the west 
bank ; a beautiful place, with a fine hotel kept by Mr. 
Houghton. With the contiguous cottages about eighty 
guests can be accommodated. Near by is Magnolia Point, 
one of the highest points of land extending into the river 
between Jacksonville and Palatka. A short distance north 
of Magnolia Point a navigable stream, called Black Creek, 
empties into the St. Johns. Small steamers from Jackson- 
ville make weekly trips up Black Creek as far as Middle- 
burg. Large quantities of lumber are floated down this 
stream to a market. The banks abound with alligators. 

Crreen Cove Springs — 30 miles from Jackson- 
ville, on the west bank; one of the most popular re-^orts on 
the river. The Union House, kept by Remington and 
Reed, will accommodate comfortably about fifty guests. 
There are other hotels and several good hoarding houses. 
Rates at the hotels, ^3.00 per day; at the boarding houses, 
per week, ^10 to ^15. One of the attractions at this place 
is the Spring, which is held in high esteem for its health- 
giving qualities. " The water has a temperature of about 75 
degrees ; is as clear as crystal and has a slight sulphurous 
taste, not unpleasant. Facilities are afforded to both sexes 
for bathing at the Spring. Green Cove promises to be- 
come in time a flourishing and populous village. 

Hogarth's "Wharf— 35 miles from Jacksonville, 
on the east bank ; a post-oflice and wood landing. 



-JO GUIDE TO FLORIDA. 

PiCOlata— 45 miles from Jacksonville, on the east 
bank. This small settlement is the site of an ancient 
Spanish city, of which scarce one vestige remains. Two 
centuries ago, it was the main depot of supply for the 
Spanish plantations of the up country, and through it, were 
shipped to St. Augustine and abroad, such products as the 
settlers raised. The Franciscan monks erected a splendid 
church here and some religious houses for their order. 
Opposite Picolata, on the western bank, are the remains of 
a great earthwork fort belonging to the Spanish era. 

Tocoi — 53 miles from Jacksonville, on the east bank. 
The depot of the St. Augustine Railroad. The distance 
to St. Augustine is 15 miles, and trains connecting with 
the river boats run through in 40 minutes. Before the use 
of locomotives the time required to make this journey was 
two hours. There are a few objects of interest to be seen in 
the time allowed here, and the restaurant of Mr. Thomas 
can be recommended to tourists. 

Palatka — 75 miles from Jacksonville, on the west 
bank. The largest town on the St. Johns River after 
leaving Jacksonville. Population, about 1000. It occupies 
an elevated site above <"he river, and extends about half 
a mile along the banks. As Palatka has a thriving back 
country to support it, there are many stores and a flourish- 
ing business doing. A telegraph line is in operation 
at a convenient point, connecting this thriving town 
witlj all points of the United States. A newspaper is pub- 
lished here. There are two good hotels, the Putnam 
House, kept by Col. Hart, well known to Florida tourists; 
and the St. Johns, by P. & H. Peterman. This place is 
steamboat headquarters for the Upper St. Johns and its 
tributaries. The steamers Florence, Darlington and Hattie^ 
en route to Enterprise, He over one night at Palatka, tc 
discharge and receive freight^ giving passengers an oppor 



GUIDE TO FLORIDA, 7* 

tunity to spend a few hours on shore if they desire. Steam- 
ers run from Palatka to Dunn's Lake, and also up the 
Ocklawaha River to Silver Spring, Ocala, and the head of 
navigation, a distance of i8o miles. Opposite to Palatka, 
on the eastern bank, is a handsome orange grove of 500 
trees. It is kept in excellent order and is worth visiting. 
The growth of the orange is rapidly increasing, and the 
profitableness of its culture justifies the labor expended on 
it. As evidence of its profitableness we may mention the 
fact, which comes from good authority, that one year's 
product of a five acre lot sold for $9,000. The St. Johns 
becomes narrower at this point. 

IVelaka — 100 miles from Jacksonville and 20 miles 
from Palatka, on the east bank, is the site first, of an old 
"'Indian village, and afterwards, of a flourishing Spanish 
settlement. It is near the entrance to Dunn's Lake, and 
also to the Ocklawaha River. The scenery along the 
Ocklawaha is very wild and picturesque, and is much ad- 
mired by tourists. There are some magnificent planta- 
tions on the banks, and large quantities of cotton and 
sugar are raised. Silver Spring is a basin of beautiful, 
clear and deep water. This the site of a Seminole village 
of 600 inhabitants. 

liRke Creor§^e — After leaving Welaka, the river 
widens into Little Lake George, four miles wide and seven 
miles long, and then into Big Lake George, one of the 
loveliest sheets of water in the world ; twelve miles wide 
and eighteen miles long. It is dotted with pretty islands, 
one of them called Rembert, being seventeen hundred 
acres in extent, and having one of the largest orange 
groves on the river. The banks of Lake George are musi- 
cal with the song and brilliant with the plumage of the 
Southern birds. Flocks of herons, the white curlew, the 
crane, the pelican, the loon and the paroquet may be 
seen. The latter cajn be bought of the negroes. 



72 GUIDE TO FLORIDA. 

Volusia— 5^ miles from Lake George, and 65 miles 
from Palatka, on the east bank; a wood station, with a 
considerable settlement back from the river. This is the 
site of another ancient Spanish city, wiped out by the 
wars of the past, so that not a trace remains. It was the 
principal point on the line of travel between St. Augus- 
tine and the Musquito Inlet country. The modern village 
was settled in 181 8. ' During the Seminole war a fort was 
built here, and from this post General Eustis, in command 
of the left wing of the army, composed mostly of regu- 
lars and drafted three months' men from South Carolina 
and Georgia, set out to cross the country to the Withla- 
coochee, to join General Scott. After a brief and fruit- 
less campaign of three months. General Scott and his 
army recrossed the river at Volusia on their way to St. Au- 
gustine. 

Means can be had at Volusia to get to New Smyrna and 
Indian River on the coast; a famous country for the 
hunter. New Smyrna is celebrated as the spot settled by 
Dr. Turnbull and his colony of 1500 Minorcans, in the 
year 1767. TurnbuU's wife being a native of Smyrna, in 
Asia, the settlement was named New Smyrna. The 
crop cultivated by Turnbull was indigo, of which he 
raised thousands of dollars' worth anniuiUy. These col- 
onists not being dealt with according to contract, all 
abandoned the settlement and located in and near St. 
Augustine, where their descendants now reside. The only 
permanent monument left by Turnbull is a large canal, 
draining the swamp that bears his name into the Hillsboro' 
River at New Smyrna. 

Orang^e G-roVe— 10 miles from Lake George. 
Wood landing. ' . 

Hai¥kiiliiiTille— 20 miles from Lake George. Wood 
Undine:. 



GUIDE TO FLORIDA. 73 

Blue 8prm^ — 33 miles from Lake George. Wood 
landing. Near here is one of the largest springs in the 
State. The water boils up from a bottom eighty feet wide, 
and forms a considerable river. The spring is several hun- 
dred yards from the St. Johns, but the stream flowing from 
the spring is large enough, at its confluence at the river, 
for the steamers to float in it. It is a most interesting 
sight to look over the side of the steamer, into the crystal- 
clear water, and observe the every-day life of the shoals of 
fish below, as they flit here and there, seeking a living, 
making love to and war on each other, quite unconscious of 
the lookers-on in the element over their heads. It is a 
capital place for a naturalist to observe the ordinary habits 
of aquatic animals. 

Mellonville — 125 miles from Palatka, and 200 
miles from Jacksonville ; on the west bank of Lake Mon- 
roe. One of the most important landings on the Upper 
St. Johns. It was formerly the site of Fort Mellon, built 
during the Indian War. There are two hotels here : either 
one of them furnishing fair accommodation, at moderate 
figures. There is a flourishing back country, and 
several stores do a good business. The orange groves 
in the neighborhood are handsome and productive. Lake 
Monroe, upon which Mellonville is situated, is twelve 
miles long and five miles wide. It is crowded with fish of 
many varieties, and the opportunities for rare sport to the 
angler, are unsurpassed. Wild fowls are likewise abun- 
dant. 

Enterprise — Almost directly opposite Mellonville, 
on the east bank of Lake Monroe; is 130 miles from 
Palatka and 205 miles from Jacksonville, and the head of 
regular steamboat navigation. Here is one of the best 
and most popular hotels on the river, the Brock House ; a 
large comfortable building, capable of entertaining on« 



74 GUIDE TO FLORIDA. 

hundred guests. It is usually crowded during the winter. 
Attached to it are a billiard saloon and a ten-pin alley. 
The rates for board rank from ;^ 15.00 to ;^ 20.00 per week, 
according to rooms. The Green Spring, at Old Enter- 
prise, about a mile from the Brock House, is worth a 
visit, as well as the orange groves in the vicinity. The 
Spring is of a delicate green color, and at times transparent. 
It is nearly eighty feet in diameter, and fully one hundred 
feet deep. The waters are sulphurous, and few fish live in 
them. Enterprise is the great headquarters for the sports- 
man. Fishing and hunting expeditions are fitted out here 
for the upper lakes and the Indian River country. Horses 
and boats are kept on hire, and during the winter a small 
steamboat makes frequent excursions to Lakes Jessup and 
Harney, taking parties who wish to enjoy the ravishing 
scenery and indulge in that novel and exciting sport, 
alligator shooting. The run up to Lake Harney and back, 
can be made in a day. Lake Jessup, which is in the 
neighborhood of Lake Harney, is seventeen miles long by 
five miles wide, and is so shallow, that it cannot be en- 
tered by a boat drawing over three feet of water. The 
St. John's River has its rise in the Everglades, fully 120 
miles further south than Enterprise, but tourists do not 
usually ascend beyond Lake Harney, twelve miles from 
Enterprise. The climate in this locality is perceptibly 
milder than below. The winter resembles very much the 
months of May and June at the North, though without 
their occasional scorching heat. 

The Southern Inland Navigation and Improvement 
Company have contracted to deepen the waters of the 
St. Johns, from Enterprise, as far as Lake Washington. 
This much-needed improvement will give inland commu- 
nication with Indian River, Sand Point, Mosquito Inlet, 
Indian River Inlet, Susannah, Jupiter Inlet; and the capesj 



I GUIDE TO FLORIDA. 75 

and opens up the entire south-east coast of Florida to the 
extremity of the Peninsula. To the tourist in search of 
adventure, this section of the State presents a magnificent 
field. The Indian River is alive with every variety of fish 
that inhabit the Southern waters, and the woods abound 
in game. 



Since the completion of the railroad from St. Augustine 
to Tocoi, on the St. Johns River, access to this picturesque 
and beautiful old Spanish town has been easy, pleasant and 
rapid. The regular packet steamers up the St. Johns 
River leave Jacksonville at eight and nine o'clock a. m., 
daily, Sundays excepted ; and connect at Tocoi (5 7 miles 
from Jacksonville) with the St. Augustine Railroad. The 
train runs through from Tocoi to St. Augustine in forty 
minutes. The distance between Tocoi and St. Augustine 
is fifteen miles. Through fare from Jacksonville, by 
steamers Florence, Darlington and Hattie, $3.00. Meals 
and staterooms, $1.00 extra. 

St. Augustine, the most ancient town in North America, 
is situated on a peninsula nearly surrounded by the St. 
Sebastian River and St. Augustine Bay. The population 
is 2,000 souls, mostly of Spanish and Minorcan descent. 
Across the Bay is Anastasia Island. The town was 
founded by Menendez, the Spanish Governor of Florida, 
in 1565, which was forty-three years before the settlement 
of Jamestown, in Virginia, and fifty-five years before the 
landing of the Pilgrims on Plymouth Rock. St. Augus- 
tine has had an eventful history. O First, it was laid waste 
by the French, under De Gourgues ; in 1580, it was 
attacked and plundered by the English, under Sir Francis 



7^ GUIDE TO FLORIDA. 

Drake. In 1611, it was pillaged by the Indians. In 1665, 
the English buccaneer, Davis, sacked it, after the inhabi- 
tants had taken refuge in the fort. In 1702, Governor 
Moore, of the English Colony of South Carolina, invaded 
Florida, and attacked the city, but was baffled by the fort. 
In 1 71 2, the inhabitants suffered from a famine in conse- 
quence of the non-arrival of supply ships from Spain. In 
1725, the Georgians, under Colonel Palmer, were beaten 
off. 'In 1740, General Oglethorpe, the Governor of Geor- 
gia, laid regular siege to the place, planting his batteries 
on Anastasia Island and bombarding the fort for thirty-eight 
days. He failed to force the Spaniards to surrender, and 
retired. ' The city passed into British possession, by 
treaty, in 1763, and held a British garrison during our 
Revolutionary war. In 1784, it was re-ceded to Spain, 
and in 181 9 transferred to the United States. During the 
late war between the States, it changed masters three 
times. 

The following is a brief summary of the principal 
places of business and of interest to visitors in St. 
Augustine. 

Hotels.— The St. Augustine Hotel (E. E. Vaill & 
Co., Proprietors) is a large, commodious building, and has 
first rate accommodations. Florida House (J. H. Remer), 
Magnolia House (W. W. Palmer), and a number of good 
boarding liouses. St. Augustine has telegraphic commu- 
nication with Jacksonville. 

Old Town Wall— Built by the Spaniards two 
centuries ago. It protected the town on its northern side, 
and extended across the peninsula from shore to shore. 
The gateway of the old wall still stands, and is a pictur- 



GUIDE TO FLORIDA. 



77 



esque and imposing ruin, with ornamented lofty towers 
and loop-holed sentry-boxes. The ditch is clearly 
marked. 

Fort Iflarion — The old Spanish fort once called 
San Juan. It was begun in 1620, and built principally by 
the forced labor of Indian slaves who toiled on it for one 
hundred years. It stands on the sea front, at the upper 




Harper Bros. 



Interior of Fort Marioiio 



end of the town, and its material is almost wholly the 
Coquina rock, quarried on Anastasia Island. A ramble 
through its heavy casements, its crumbling Roman chapel, 
with elaborate portico and inner altar and holy-water niches, 
its dark passages, gloomy vaults, and more recently- 
discovered dungeons, bring you ready credence of its 
many traditions of inquisitorial tortures. In one of the 
arched dungeons, discovered by accident, beneath the 



78 GUIDE TO FLORIDA. 

walls of the fort, was found a sealed up stone doorway, 
which being dug away, gave access to an inner dungeon. 
In this place were found two cages, in each of which were 
jikeletons, one of them that of a female. One of these is 
now preserved in the Smithsonian Institute, the other was 
interred on the north side of the fort. A visit to the fort 
by moonlight also is recommended. 

Cathedral. — The old Catholic cathedral, with its 
quaint Moorish belfry, its chime of four bells in separate 
niches, and its clock, together forming a cross, and its 
antique interior, is one of the most interesting objects in 
St. Augustine. The oldest of the bells is marked 1682. 

Other ChurcheiS. — The Episcopalians have a neat 
chapel on the Plaza. There are also Methodist, Baptist 
and Presbyterian churches in the city. 

The Plaza. — A fine public square in the centre of 
the city is called the " Plaza de la Constitution. On it 
stand the ancient markets, and it is faced by the cathe- 
dral, the old palace, the convent, and the Episcopal church. 
In the middle is a monument erected in honor of the 
Spanish Liberal Constitution. Effigies of John Hancock 
and Samuel Adams were burned on this spot by the British 
troops early in the Revolution. The Plaza is a very 
pleasant resort for idlers, who will find a firm, green turf 
for lounging, benches and shade trees. The visit by 
moonlight is enchanting. 

The Palace^ or old Government house of the Span- 
ish era, on the Plaza, is now used as the post-ofiice, Court, 
St. Aug. Library and Reading Rooms, and Peabody School. 

Barracks— occupied by United States troops, said 
to have once been a monastery or convent. 



GUIDE TO FLORIDA. 79 

Convents. — There are three, the old Spanisn con- 
vent of St. Mary's, the one in the rear of the palace, a taste- 
ful edifice built of Coquina, and largest of all, the new con- 
vent on St. George street, near the Barracks. 

Cemeteries.— The old Huguenot burying-ground is 
a place of much interest. In the military burying-ground, 
under three pyramids of Coquina, stuccoed and whitened, 
are the ashes of Major Dade and 107 men of his command, 
who were massacred by Osceola and his band, 

Sea-Wall.— A fine sea-wall of nearly a mile in 
length, built of Coquina, with a coping of granite, pro- 
tects the entire bay front of the city, and affords a de- 
lightful promenade on a moonlight evening. In full view 
of this is the old light-house on Anastasia Island, built 
more than a century ago, and now surmounted by a fine 
revolving lantern. A new light-house, 160 feet high, has 
also been erected here by the Government. 

The Bay and Anastasist Island. — Boating 
on the bay is a favorite amusement on moonlight nights. 
The sail by day across the bay to Anastasia Island is 
charming. Beautiful shells of all descriptions may be 
gathered on the beach, and sea-mosses and lichens may be 
collected for albums. 

Streets. — They are nearly all quite narrow ; one, 
which is nearly a mile long, being but fifteen feet wide. 
Many of the houses, with high roof and dormer windows, 
have hanging balconies along their second stories, which 
seem almost to touch each other across the narrow street. 

ImproTements. — Half a million dollars have been 
expended on improvements, public and private, in St. Augus- 
tine since 1870. Charlotte, St. George and Bay streets are 
all interesting thoroughfares. Among the private resi- 
dences recently completed may be named those of Henry 
Ball, of Ball, Black & Co., costing $50,000; of John How- 



gQ GUIDE TO FLORIDA. 

ard, costing $30,000 ; and of Wm. H. Aspinwall, costing 
$25,000. Speculation in land has been rife for some time, 
and the natural charms, added to its historic, will probably 
make St. Augustine soon outstrip in development the 
younger cities of the State. 



The country west of the Apalachicola River has not yet 
been brought into railroad communication with the other 
parts of the State. Its comparative isolation was the 
cause of the recent movement in favor of annexing it to 
Alabama. The extension of lines of the Jacksonville, 
Pensacola and the Mobile Railroad, will soon remove any 
feeling of discontent which may exfet in Western Florida. 

Apalachicola. — This city was formerly the seat of 
a very considerable trade. It was the shipping port for 
that rich cotton-growing region lying on the Chatta- 
hoochie and Flint Rivers, which empty into the Apalachi- 
cola River, and thus into Apalachicola Bay. The Chatta- 
hoochee is navigable as far up as Columbus, Georgia ; a 
distance of 367 miles. The building of numerous rail- 
roads in lower Georgia and Alabama, which tapped the 
river line, diverted trade from this old city to Mobile and 
Savannah. The population has decreased, but it still can 
boast about 1000 inhabitants. Owing to its fine site there 
is no reason why, with capital and energy, its former pros- 
perity should not be revived. 

Iflarianna. — County seat of Jackson County. This 
town is situated on the Chipola River, an affluent of the 
Apalachicola, and navigable at certain seasons by small 
craft to Marianna. The business of this town is ordina- 
rily done through Bellevue and Neal's Landing, about 18 
miles distant, on the Chattahoochee. 



GUIDE TO FLORIDA. 8i 

The extension of the Jacksonville, Pensacola and Mobile 
Railroad will pass through Marianna, and must very much 
increase its prosperity, already ensured by the fertility of 
the adjacent country. 

Pensacola — The principal city of Western Florida. 
Population, 2,000. It is situated on Pensacola Bay, and 
is enjoying a lucrative and growing trade. At the entrance 
of the bay lies Santa Rosa Island, upon which is built Fort 
Pickens, the scene of one of the most famous sieges of the 
earlier years of the late war between the States. The city 
was laid out by the English in 1763. Pensacola may be 
reached from Jacksonville and Eastern Florida by means 
of the railroad to St. Marks on the Gulf, and regular packet 
steamer from St. Marks to Pensacola Bay. The Pensacola 
and Louisville Railroad connects at Pollard with the 
Mobile and Montgomery Railroad. 

;The following observations upon the future of Pensacola 
are taken from a pamphlet issued by the ** New City Com- 
pany :" 

"The City of Pensacola has natural advantages which 
destine it to become, by rapid strides, the Chicago of the 
South. \\. is situated on the north coast of the Gulf of 
Mexico, in latitude 30 deg. 28 m. north, and longitude 87 
Atg. 22 m. west of Greenwich, only ten miles from the 
open sea. Its thoroughly land-locked harbor covers an 
area of over two hundred square miles, being about thirty 
miles long, and from five to eight miles in width, having 
unsurpassed anchorage, and a depth of from thirty to thir- 
ty-five feet. The entrance to the harbor is about half a 
mile wide, with an average depth on the bar of twenty-four 
feet. The same depth is readily secured at the wharfage 
line of the city. A laden ship of largest tonnage can ap- 
proach the city at any time in the year, or leaving its 
wharves can be in the open sea in an hour-and-a-half. 



82 GUIDE TO FLORIDA. 

"The rapid development of the iron mines of Ala- 
bama, whose natural outlet to the markets of the world is 
the port of Pensacola, will not only contribute a consid- 
erable quota to the commerce of this port, but will, in 
connection with the Florida forests, furnish superior mate- 
rial for ship-building, which, at no distant day, must rival 
in extent the similar industry of northern ports ; the prox- 
imity and cheapness of all material required giving build- 
ers in this locality peculiar advantages." 



Southern or Tropical Florida is, properly speaking, that 
part of the State lying south of latitude 28 deg. north. It 
comprises an area of 20,000 square miles, and has a pop- 
ulation of about 9,000 inhabitants. About half of this 
population reside on the Island of Key West and the 
neighboring Keys and islands extending into the Gulf of 
Mexico, and are engaged m the business of wrecking and 
fishing. The raising of cattle upon the main-land is the 
all-absorbing business of the inhabitants, who 'reside from 
30 to 40 miles apart, and allow the cattle to graze on the 
public domain. The herds are immense ; in Manatee 
County alone, there are 100,000 head of cattle. 

The main-land is level and divided into hummocks, pine 
openings and prairies. The hummocks are very rich, and 
are covered over with a dense growth of timber ; consist- 
ing of live oak, water oaks, magnolia, bay, etc. The soil 
is sandy. The pine openings are covered with scattering 
pines and a grass which affords fine pasturage. The prairie 
lands occupy the interior portion of the vState, bordering 
upon the Kissimee River, the head waters of the St. Johns, 
and the upper Caloosahatchee. They are dotted over with 



GUIDE TO FLORIDA 83 

small clumps of hummocks, containing from, one to five 
acres each, which give beauty and variety to the scenery, 
and afford shelter during the heat of the day to innumer- 
able herds of deer and cattle. There are also numerous 
small lakes of pure water, filled with fish, some of which 
are only a few rods in extent, while others are from two to 
ten miles in length. These prairies are the paradise of 
the herdsmen and the hunters. 

This section of Florida is capable of producing all the 
different products of the West Indies. There is a constant 
sea-breeze off the Gulf Stream, commencing about eight 
o'clock, A. M., and lasting until nearly sundown. The 
climate is very exhilarating. The thermometer averages, 
the year round, 73 deg. and the extremes are 5 7 deg. and 
92 deg. 

A railroad is projected from Jacksonville, along the 
St. John's River into Southern Florida. At present, the 
means of getting to the harbors, on the extreme southern 
coast, are by sailing vessels from Jacksonville, Key West 
and New Orleans, or overland, by the mail carrier's con- 
veyances from Gainesville on the Florida Railroad, and 
Enterprise on the Upper St. John's River. 

The following are some of the most notable places in 
Southern Florida: — 

Tampa Bay— On the western coast, is a noble har- 
bor for the largest vessels, and is about 40 miles long. 
Towards the interior it divides into two branches, called 
Little Tampa and Hillsborough Bay. It is dotted with 
small islands, the pleasantest of which is Egmont. In the 
waters of Tampa Bay enormous quantities of fish and tur- 
tles may be found. In shoal places the fish are so numer- 
ous that they impede the passage of boats. Sea fowl are 
exceedingly numerous ; the beautiful flamingoes, in partic- 
ular, appear in long files drawn up on the beach, like 



GUIDE TO FLORIDA 

bands of soldiers in red uniforms. The village of Tampa 
has regular mail communication with Gainesville, and 
passengers avail themselves of the mail wagon for transit. 
A railroad is projected to Waldo, on the Cedar Keys and 
Fernandina Railroad ; when it is completed, Tampa will 
become one of the most important ports on the Gulf. 

Charlotte Marl>oa% or Boca Grande, on the west- 
ern coast, south of Tampa Bay. It is about 25 miles long, 
and eight to ten miles wide, and is sheltered from the sea 
by several islands. The entrance between Boca Grande 
Key and Gasperillo is six fathoms deep and three-quarters 
of a mile wide. 

The fisheries in and around Charlotte Harbor are very 
valuable, and may be made more so. Probably a thousand 
persons could find profitable employment. The fish are 
caught with seines. The finest oysters on the coast are 
gathered here. 

Alpativkee JSn^ainp, upon the head waters of 
the St. Lucie River, is the only swamp of any magnitude 
in Tropical Florida. 

Indian K-iver is a vast lagoon along the Atlantic 
coast of Florida, extending a distance of nearly 100 miles. 
In some places it is four miles wide, and in others, not 
more than fifty yards wide. The Indian River country is 
filled with game, and is a celebrated resort of the sportsman. 

liake Okee-cho-bee — A large, wild, solitary lake, 
near the everglades. Its length is twenty miles. 

Tlie Everg"iades — Situated almost in the southern 
extremity of the peninsula, is a vast shallow lake, over- 
grown with grass, pond lilies and other aquatic plants, in- 
terspersed with innumerable small islands, of from one to 
one hundred acres each. These islands are principally 
hummock lands, covered over with a growth of live and 
water-oaks and cocoa plums, with an undergrowth of 



GUIDE TO FLORIDA. 85 

morning-glories, grapes and other vines, and are extremely 
fertile. The water is from four inches to four feet deep, 
and is very clear and pure. In many places are channels 
and sinks where the water is from ten to fifty feet deep ; 
these holes are well supplied with fish, of which the trout 
is the most desirable. Alligators and turtle are abundant, 
and panthers, wild-cats, and bears are quite numerous. 

Flowers of the sweetest fragance, and of every hue and 
color, greet the eye. The border and outer margin of the 
Everglades is prairie, of from one-fourth to one mile in 
breadth, and comprises some of the finest and richest land 
in America, having once been a portion of the Everglades, 
and formed by the receding of the waters. During the 
Indian war the Everglades were the last retreat of the Semi- 
noles, and it was with the utmost difficulty that the gov- 
ernment dislodged them, so well adapted w^re the almost 
hidden islands for defence and concealment. 

Biscayne Bay — At the end of the peninsula, and 
emptying into Barnes' Sound and Florida Bay, is an ex- 
cellent harbor for all vessels drawing less than ten feet of 
water. It can be entered at all times. Great quantities of 
turtle and sponges of the finest variety are secured here. 
The sponges and turtle taken from these waters are valued 
at ;^ I GO, 000 per annum. Lieutenant Governor Gleason 
says of the Biscayne Bay country : " The pure water, the 
chalybeate and other mineral springs, the magnificent 
beauty of its scenery, the salubrity and equability of its 
climate, must make Biscayne Bay, at no distant day, the 
resort of the invalid, the tourist, and the lover of adven- 
ture." 

The Keys. — These are a series of islands, extending 
along the south coast, from Cape Florida to the Dry Tor- 
tugas, lying between the main-land and the Florida Reefs, 
and within three to five miles of the Gulf Stream. They 



86 GUIDE TO FLORIDA. 

are of uniform character, being of coral formation and 
very rocky. Some are only a few acres in extent, while 
others contain as many as 15,000 acres. Cayo Largo is 
the largest. These Keys are only a few feet above tide- 
water, and are mostly covered with a growth of hard- 
wood timber. The land is too rocky to admit of general 
cultivation. 

Key West — (The city and port of.) Telegraph 
Office. Is situated on the island of the same name, which 
is seven miles long and one-and-a-half wide. It is eleven 
feet above the sea level. The population of the city is 
about 3,000 It has a large trade in sponges, turtles and 
fruits, and is a place of some manufacturing importance. 
There are twelve or fifteen cigar factories, making in the 
aggregate thirty to thirty-five thousand of the best Havana 
cigars per diem. There is also a manufactory in successful 
operation, for canning the pineapple — the only one in the 
United States. From five to eight thousand cans are put 
up daily. Key West has five churches and the usual pub- 
lic buildings. The United States Admiralty Court sits 
here. Two newspapers are published, the Dispatch, dem- 
ocratic, and the Guardian, republican. There are a few 
lakes on the island, and several beautiful drives. The 
land is covered in mid-winter with the greenest of foliage, 
and tropical flowers grow in profusion. The climate 
hereabouts is mild and agreeable, the thermometer ranging 
from 79 to Z6 degrees in summer, and 48 to 60 degrees in 
winter. The island is much visited by invalids. Constant 
communication is had with New York, New Orleans, 
Havana, Galveston and Cedar Keys by packet steamers. 
The passage to Havana occupies but a few hours. The 
New. Orleans, Cedar Keys and Havana steamers afford 
weekly connection with all points in Upper and Middle 
Florida, by means of the Florida Railroad. The principal 



GUIDE TO FLORIDA. 87 

hotels in Key West are the Russell House and the Leland 
Hotel, recently erected by a stock company. Board can be 
obtained in numerous private families at reasonable rates. 
The Dry Tortug^as islands, at the extreme end of 
the Florida Keys, and extending some distance into the 
Gulf of Mexico. They were used as a penal place for 
Confederate prisoners during the late war, and several of 
the Lincoln conspirators were confined there. They are 
forlorn, barren rocks, defended by fortifications, and 
ornamented (?) with a light house. 



88 




St. Augustine, Fla., 
E. E. VAU.L & CO., Proprietors. 



THE 



ST. J^TJG-TJ&rCTlSTJSl KCOTDEX, 



COMMANDS A 



FINE VIEW OE THE ATLANTIC OCEAN, 

THE BAY AND HARBOR OF ST. AUGUSTINE, 

AND A 

BIRDS-EYE VIEW OF THE CITY ITSELF. 

The proprietors will endeavor to make their guests as ooinlort- 
able as possible, no pains having been spared in providing the best 
help from the North. 

The Prices of Board vary according to location of XQom md 
length of sta^. 



89 



INDEX 



Page. 

Alachua Sink 60 

Albany, Ga 49 

Alexandria..,.,.^ 65 

Alligator Shooting 23-71 

Altamaha River 41 

Alpotivkee Swamp 84 

Anastasia Island 76 

Ancient Florida 23-70-72 

Apalachicola 80 

Archer 61 

Area of Florida 7 

Atlantic and Gulf Railroad. ... 39 
A. G. & W. I. Trans. Co. R.R. 56 
Ancilla 52 

Baconton 49 

Baldwin 55-58 

Bainbridge,...., 46 

Bissayne Bay 85 

Bishop of Florida, RE 57 

Blackshear 42 

Blue Spring, (Albany Ga,),... 49 
Blue Spring, (St. John's Riv.) 70 

Bonaventure Cemetery 37 

Boston, Ga 45 

Brock's Steamer Line. 63 

Bronson.. 61 

Brunswick, Ga <. 41 

Cairo 46 

Callahan 58 

Camilla 48 

Cathedral, St. Augustine 75 

Cedar Keys 61 

Cession of Florida to U. S,... 5 

Chaires 51 

Chalybeate Spring...,. 54 



Page. 

Charleston, S. C 31 

History 31 

Harbor 31 

Hotels 31 

Streets 32 

Public Buildings 32 

Places worth visiting 32 

Charlotte Harbor 84 

Chipola Big Spring 8 

Civil War 6-31-37 

Climate of Florida 10 

Climax 46 

Consumptives, Florida for. .25-26 
Cotton 12-29-36-47-51 

Darlington, Steamer 63 

Devil's Hopper 45 

Di^ie 45 

Doctortown 41 

Dungeness Estate 58 

Dunn's Lake 68 

DuPont 43-47 

Dry Tortugas 87 

Ellaville 53 

Enterprise 73 

Everglades 84 

Fernandina.. 5^ 

Fevers 27 

Finegan, General 6-54 

Fishing in Florida 20 

Fleming 4° 

Forrest Station 47 

Forsyth Park 37 

Fort McAllister 39 



go 



NDEX. 



Page. 

Fort Marion 77 

Fort Pulaski 37 

Grinesville 60 

Geography of Florida 7 

Geological Formation 8 

Goodman 52 

Goverhment, present State. ... 14 
Great Southern Mail Route... 16 

Green Cove Springs 69 

Greene, Genl. Nathaniel, Es- 
tate of 58 

Green Spring 74 

Hardaway 49 

Hart's Road 58 

Hattie, Steamer 63 

Hawkinsville 72 

Havana Steamers 62-86 

Hibernia 69 

Historic Sketch 3 

Hogarth's Wharf. 69 

Homersville 43 

Hotel business in Florida 30 

Houses, Cost of Building 29 

How to get to Florida 16 

Huguenots in Florida 4 

Hunting in Florida. . 20-23-74-83 

Immigrants, Florida for 28* 

Indian River 72-75-82 

Invalids, F lorida for 25 

Jacksonville S5-64 

Topography and Suburbs. 64 
Hotels and Educational 

Establishments 65 

Commerce & Industries. . 66 

Points of Interest 67 

Jacksonville, Pensacola and 

Mobile Railroad 50 

Jasper 47 

Jesup 41 

Johnston 40 

Keys, the Florida 85 

Key West 86 

Lake City 54 



Page. 

Lake George 71 

Lake Harney 74 

Lake Jessup 74 

Lake Monroe 73 

Lake Rachel 52 

Lands, Cheap 28 

Lands, Price of 29 

La Villa 64 

Lee, General 58 

Leon County 51 

Live Oak 48-53 

Little Lake George 71 

Lloyd's 51 

Lovick Pierce College 45 

Lumber Business 1 3-30-5 7 

Madison 52 

Malaria in Florida 26 

Mandarin 68 

Marrianna.... 80 

Mcintosh , 40 

Mellonville 73 

Micanopy 61 

Miccosukie 5^ 

Midway 51 

Mobile Steamers 62 

Monticello 52 

Monuments 38 

Moncriefs Springs 67 

Mosquitoes 30 

Mulberry Grove 68 

Naylor 43 

Newmansville 61 

New Orleans Steamers 62 

New Smyrna 72 

Northern Florida 5° 

Northern Settlers 15 

Ocklawaha River ; 71 

Okafon9kee Swamp 42-43 

Okeechobee 84 

Okloknee 48 

Olustee, Battle of 6-54 

Olustee Station 54 

Orange Grove 72 

Orange Raising 29 

Otter Creek 61 

Ousley 44 



INDEX. 



9' 



Page. 

Palatka 7^ 

Palmetto • 6i 

Patterson 4^ 

Pelham 4^ 

Pensacola 5"^' 

Picolata 7° 

Pleasure Seekers, Florida for. 20 

Political Parties •••• H 

Population I3 

Quincy 5*^ 

Quitman 44 

Rain in Florida i^ 

Rattlesnakes 3° 

Rembert Island 71 

Riverside 65 

Sanderson 55 

Santa Fe Lake 59 

Savannah, Ga 36 

Hotels 36 

Parks and Cemeteries.... 37 

Points of Interest 38 

Scott, General 72 

Screven 41 

Scuppernong Grapes 50 

Sea Routes to Florida. 17-18 

Seminole War.. 6 

Seymour's Defeat 6-54 

Silver Spring 8-71 

Southern Florida 82 

Springs. 8-44-48-53-54-69-72-74 

Springfield 65 

Starke 59 

Statenville 47 

St. Augustine 5-^3-75 

Hotels 76 

St. John's River 62 

St. Marks ,. 55 



Page. 

Stockton 43 

Stowe, Mrs. H. Beecher ...... 68 

Sunbury Fort 40 

Sulphur Springs (Suwanee)... 48 
Sulphur Springs (Withlacoo- 

chee) 44 

Suwanee Station 48 

Suwanee Spa 8 

Swedish Colony 51 

Swiss Colony 46 

Tallahassee 5^ 

Tampa Bay 83 

Tebeauville 42 

Thermometer, Range of 1 1 

Thomasville 45-48 

Thunderbolt 3^ 

Tocoi 70 

Trail Ridge 59 

Turnbull •• 72 

UpperWhiteSulphurSprg's . 47-48 

Valdosta 43 

Vegetable Trade 12-57 

Volusia 72 

Wakulla River 8 

Waldo n-- 59 

Walthourville.. SI .. 40 

Way Cross 42 

Way's Station 39 

Welaka 7i 

Welborn 53 

Western Florida 80 

Whigham 4^ 

White House 55 

White Sulphur Springs 53 

Wine Culture..,.,,,..... 5° 




Charleston Hotel, 



E. H. J^OKISOIV Sc CO. 



PROPRIETORS. 



93 

THE 



ST. GEORGE STRl^ET, 




W. W. PALMER, Proprietor. 

(Late HOUGHTON & PALMER.) 

This favorite Hotel has been completely renovated, internally and 
externally, and now presents unsurpassed accommodations for 

TOURISTS AND INVALIDS. 

Single rooms and family apartments, en suite. 
The cuisine is in every respect unexceptionable. 
The Magnolia stands upon the highest ground in the city and com- 
mands a fine view of the ocean. 



94 




Aiken, South Carolina. 



Situated on the South CaroHna R R., 120 miles northwest 
of Charleston, at an elevation of 600 feet above tide water, 
and 400 feet higher than the Savannah River at Augusta, 
Ga. (17 miles listant). The dimate being dry, the air is 
clear, warm and highly oxygenized, and consequently invig- 
orating to the syst :m. 

The Hi&hland Park Hotel 

Has been enlarged to nearly double its former capacity. 
Rooms are large, with open fireplace, and each have sunny 
exposure. * 

PUBLIC PARLOR, OFFICE AND GENTS' SITTSNC ROOMS ON 

FIRST FLOOR (facing the South) i ELECTRICAL BELLS TO 

EACH ROOM, HOT AND COLD BATHS ON EACH 

FLOOR; CHILDREN'S PLAY ROOM, 

BILLIARD ROOM, BARBER'S 

SHOP, &.C., IN THE 

BASEMENT. 

A -WELL STOCKED LIVERY STABLE 

Connected with the hotel. Grounds ample, with facilities 
for various amusements. 

Circulars and rates for board furnished by addressing 

B. P. CHATFIELD, Proprietor, 



Note. — Planters Hotel, Augusta, Ga., refitted and furnished new 
throughout. Rooms at Highland Park Hotel can hfi secured here. 
Open the whole year- 
^ ^, P. CHATFJELP. FrQfrktm- 



95 



FLORIDA TOURISTS! 

ON YOUR RETURN NORTHWARD, YOU WILL FIND THE 



-FOR- 



BOSTonsr 

NEW LONDON & WORCESTER, 

THE MOST DIRECT AND POPULAR ROUTE FOR 

O^^SUMMER PLEASURE TRAVEL. 




STEAM E R S 



CITY OF 



Capt. H. C. LANPHEAR, 

MONDAYS, 

WEDNESDAYS, 

and FRIDAYS, 



CITY OF 

1 § i f § 1 

Capt. WM. D WARD. 

TUESDAYS, 

THURSDAYS, 

and SATURDAYS, 



« I>. 3J[. j From Pier 40, North River, ) ^ I*, m:, 

*-"^ in Summer. ( Foot of Canal and Watts Streets. ) in Winter. 



CONNECTING with Express Train at New London, via Boston, Hartford and 
Erie Railroad, for Boston, Blackstone, Franklin anc* Walpole. And, via Worces- 
ter for Boston, Framingham, Fitchburgh, Groton Junction, Lowell, Lawrence, 
Nashua, Manchester, Concord and White Mountain?. Also, connecting at New 
London with tlie Central Vermont Railroad, via Palmer, Brattleboro, &c., to all 
points North. ■ 

For Through Tickets, Time WALTMB F, PAMKBB,^ Agent, 



Tables,etc., inquire of 



Pier 40, North Biver. 



96 

COOK'S 



Cheap American Tours. 



Excursion Tickets issued to all parts of the United States, 
Canada, Nova Scotia, Etc., Etc, 

These tickets allow the holder to stop off at any point en route, 
which ordinary tickets do not ; they are not limited in time, and 
are sold at a reduction from the ordinary rates; they are specially 
arranged in little books similar to our well-known European 
Tourist Tickets. 

Tickets for almost any Tour can be purchaseu at our offices in 
Boston, Wasliington City, New Orleans, to commence and end 
at those places, and many other principal cities and towns. 

COOK'S AMERICAN HOTEL COUPONS, 

Specially adapted for the use of travelers on Cook's Tourist 
Tickets, and are sold to no other traveler; they are accepted at many 
of the principal hotels in the United States, Canada, &c. , &c. ; 
they are sold at the uniform rate of $3.50 per day. These Cou- 
pons provide for a full day's accommodation at each hotel, while 
fractional parts of a day may be paid in cash at the same rates. 

"COOK'S EXCURSIONIST," 

Published monthly, contains fares and expenses for upwards of 
1200 specimen tours, tickets for which are issued by Cook, Son 
& Jenkins. The " Excursionist " is sent by mail upon receipt of 
Ten Cents. Address 

Cook, Son & Jenkins, 

261 Broadway, New York. 

p. O, Box 4265. 



97 



HEADQUARTERS nOURISTS! 




(interior view op an ERIE RAILWAY SLEEPING COACH.) 

241 BROADWAY. NEW YORK. 

The Erie Kailway Company calls attention to its beautiful scenery of the Ram 
apo Pass, Delaware River, Susquehanna Viaduct and Valley, Portage Bridge and 
Niagara Falls. Combination Pleasure Excursion Tickets are sold during the 
summer season to Watkins Glen, Niagara Falls, Thousand Islands, River St. 
Lawrence, Cooperstown, Lake George and all other prominent points of interest^ 
embracing all the chief places of Summer resort, at the lowest rates of fare. 

Tourists will get more for their money on the ERIE Railway than on any other 
road in the country. Remember the Office, 

241 BROADWAY, NEW YORK. 

I>ei>ot, Foot of diam'bers (Street, Ne^w TITorl^, 

JNO. N. ABBOTT, 

QenH Passenger Agent, 



98 

THE 




^4t?T6iilit ami Pisssiii 

CHARLESTON, S. C. 



'%. 



w 




TERNANDIN A, CEDAR KEYS, MANATEE, JACKSON- 
VILLE, TAMPA, APALACHICOLA, 
HAVANA, KEY WEST, 

AND ALL INTEEMEDIATE POINTS. 



P. M. 



The following magnificent side- wheel Steamships sail Tri-weekly at 
every Ttiesday, TJiursday and Sattirday, 

CHAMPION, CHARLESTON, SOUTH CAROLINA, 

-Cap\ R. W. Lockwood. Capt. Jas. Berry, Capt- J. T. Beckett. 

MANHATTAN, JAS ABOER, GEORGIA, 

Capt. M. S. Wcodhiill. Capt. T. J. Lockwood. Capt. S. Crowell. 

MAKING CLOSE CONNECTION WITH THE 

Charleston and Florida teamship Co. 

Atlantic, (xiilf and West India Transportation Co, 



PASSAGE RATES, including first-class Stateroom and Meals on Steam- 
ships to Charleston. 

SAVANNAH, $20.00. 



Jacksonville $21 75 

jFernardina 27 75 

licolata 28 7) 

■Crreen Cove Springs 28 75 

H hernia 28 75 

Orange Mills 30 25 

jMonticello 31 25 

<iuincy 32 50 

Baldwin 27 75 

Cedar Keys 82 75 

N. B.— Passengers have the privilege of taking either Eailroad or Steamboat 
from Charleston to the Florida Ports and St. John's River Landings. * 

Freight received at all hom-s of the day at Pier 29 North Eiver, and 
Bills of Lading and Tickets issued at the office of 

JAS. W. QUINT ARD & CO., Asts, 

No. 177 West Street, Neiv Yorh. 



Tampa $41 50 

St. Augustine 31 75 

Palatka 29 75 

Gainesville 30 25 

Lake City 30 25 

Tallahassee 31 25 

Apalachicola 

Pensacola 41 00 

Havana 50 00 



99 



CONNECTING AT 
WITH THE 

Atlantic, Gulf & West India Go's R.R. 

TO ALL POINTS, viz: 

New Orleans, Haraa, Key f est, 

ApalacMcola, St. Mark's, Tampa, 

AND THE 

SU^W^A^TVEE IMAGER.. 

QOICR DISPATCH, SAFETY AND COMFORf! 

8^° The attention of Tourists, Mercliants and Shippers is called to the great 
facilities, 

LOW RATES and QUICK TIME 

OFFERED BY THIS 

Favorite and Reliable Route for Freight and 
Passengers. 

i^° Invalids and others going to Florida will do well to try this pleasant and 
convenient means of reaching there. 

For farther inf ormrtion apply to 

ATLANTIC, GULF & WEST INDIA TEANSIT CO Fernandina, Fla. 

FLORIDA CENTRAL RAILROAD CO Jacksonville, " 

E. J. LUTTERLOH Cedar Keys, " 

MILLER &HENDERSON Tampa 

JNO. JAY PHILBRICK Key West, " 

RAVENEL & CO Charleston, S. C. 

LAWTON BROS., 13 Mercaderes Street Havana, Cuba. 

I. K. ROBERTS, 120 Common Street New Orleans, La, 

JAS. "W. QUINTARD & CO Agents, 

■•' . 177 West Street, (cor. Warren) New York. 
d Ax. -S ADGER & CO., Agents New York and Charleston S. S. Co., and 
WAGNER, HUGER & CO. or) Agents N. Y. & So. Carolina S. S. Co. 
WM. A. COURTNEY, f Charleston, S.C. 



lOO 
THE FINE, STAUNCH SEA-GOING, SIDE-WHEEL STEAMSHIP 

E Iwl I Ij IE 

WILL RUN REGULARLY EVERY WEEK BETWEEN 




k 





LEAVING THE LATTER PORT ON 

SATURDAY MORNINGS, 

Prompt connections are made at Cedar Keys with the 



itluticSiOWestMiCo'sItaU 



From ALL POINTS in 



FLOEIDA, 

CHARLESTON, 

SAVANNAH, AND 

NEWYOEK. 

N. B. — Passengers should take train for Cedar Keys on Fridays, in order to 
guard against unnecessary delays there while awaiting the arrival of the 
steamer. Passengers should telegraph either from Charleston, Savannah, Fer- 
nandina or Jacksonville to I. K. Roberts, New Orleans, asking if steamer will be 
on time that week at Cedar Keys, en route for Key West, Havana or New Or- 
leans. Both message and reply will be at expense of I. K. Roberts, who will 
inform of the proper time of steamer's arrival at Cedar Keys, giving ample time 
for passengers to make connections. 

the: OlVI^^r LITVE 

ISSUING 

Through Bills of Lading and Passage Tickets, 

And making through connections. 



No Wharfage or Expenses at Cedar Keys on Freight 

Shipped by this line on through bills of lading. 

GOODS FORWARDED FREE OF COMMISSIONS, 



lOI 



QUICK DISPATCH, SAFETY & COMFORT. 




New Orleans, Florida and Havana 

Will dispatch one of their first-class U. S. Mail Steamers, 
From New Orleans and Havana 

EA^ER,^5ir AVEr>]VEsr>^^"5i^5 

Touching at Cedar Keys and Key West, and connecting with Steamers for Apa- 
lachicola, St, Mark's, Tampa and the Suwanee Eiver. 

These Steamers are first-class— have good passenger accommodations — are 
kept in good condition, and are commanded by careful and experienced oflBlcers, 
who make every effort for the safety, comfort and pleasure of travelers. 

The advantages to travelers seeking safety, comfort and pleasure on a steam- 
ship, are apparent in selecting this route, as rough sea is almost unknown in 
these waters. 

RATES OF FIRST CLASS PASSAGE. 



PROM 


New 


Cedar 


Tarn- 


Key 


-TO 

Ha- 


Jack- 


Fer- 


Char- 


Sa- 




Orl'ns. 


Keys. 


pa. 


West. 


vana. 


s'nville 


n'ndi'a 


leston. 


van'h. 


New Orleans. 




$25 


$H5 


$40 


$40 


$31 


$31 


$35 


$35 


Cedar Keys.. 


$25 




10 


20 


25 










Tampa 

Key West.. . . 


! 3.5 


io 




25 


35 


16 


16 


25 


25 


40 


20 


25 




12 


26 


26 


32 


32 


Havana 


40 


25 


35 


12 




26 


26 


35 


35 


Jacksonville. 


31 




16 


26 


26 










Fernandina. . 


31 




16 


26 


26 










Charleston . . 


35 






32 


35 










Savannah 


35 






82 


35 






.. 





For further imformation apply to 

Atlantic, Gulf & West India Transit Company Fernandina, Florida. 

Florida Central Railroad Co Jacksonville, " 

E. J. Lutterloh Cedar Keys, " 

MlUer & Henderson Tampa, " 

Jno. Jay Philbrick Key West, " 

Ravenel & Co Charleston, S. C. 

Agents Florida Steam Packet Co Savannah, Ga. 

Lawton Bros., 13 Mercaderers Street Havana, Cuba. 

120 Common Street, New Orleans, La. 



I02 



'LOEII 



The Safest, Cheapest, and only Comfortable 
Route to Florida. 




THE FIRST-CLASS NEW YORK BUILT STEAMERS, 

DICTATOR, Capt. Togel, 

CITY POINT, ..... Capt. Fitzgerald, 

Having been completely refurnislied and refitted, 

CONNECT AT CHARLESTON & SAVANNAH 



With Railroad and Steamers for 



Pernandina, Jacksonville, St. Augustine, Hibernia, 
G-reen Cove Springs, and Palatka, 



la. 



INCLUDING 



All Landings on the St. Johns River, 

Connecting at PALATKA with Steamers for ENTERPRISE, SANFORD 

and INDIAN RIVER, as also with Steamers for the 

OCKLAWAHA RIVER. 

A first-class table and clean, comfortable State-Rooms pro- 
vided. No extra charge for Meals and State-Rooms. ^ 
All Railroad Tickets good by this Line. 

For Freight or Passage, apply to 

AGENTS IN NEW YORK of the various 

Oharloston and Savannah Steamship Lines. 

Or, to RAVENEL & CO., Agents, 

COKNEB OF VaNDERHORST'S WhARF AND EaBT BaT, 

Charleston, South Carolina, 



103 



All Points in Florida, The South and South- West. 

New York and Savannah Steamship Line. 




Making close connections with the Atlantic and Gulf Kailroad to all points irs 
Florida, and via Central R. R. and Atlantic and Gulf E. R., to all points in 

GEORGIA, ALABAMA, MISSISSIPPI, TEMESSEE M LOUISIANA, 

The passenger accommodations of these Steamers are not surpassed by anj 
Line out of New York. 

FOUR STEAMERS PER WEEK. 

TUESDAYS, THURSDAYS and SATURDAYS, 

PASSAGE RATES, including Meals and Staterooms on Steamers hetweeiB 
New York and Savannah. 

SAVANNAH 



Jacksonville, Fla $27 T5 

Fernandina 27 75 

Picolata, Fla 29 75 

Green Cove Springs 28 75 

ffibemia, Fla. . . 28 75 

Orange Mills, Fla 30 25 

Monticello, Fla 31 25 

Quincy, Fla 32 50 

Atlanta, Ga 27 50 

Albany, Ga 31 50 

Selma, Ala 35 00 

Mobile, Ala 40 00 

New Orleans, La 47 00 



$20.00. 

St. Augustine, Fla $31 75 

Palatka, Fla 29 75 

Enterprise, Fla 35 75 

Gainsville, Fla 30 25 

Lake City, Fla 30 25 

Madison, Fla 30 25 

Tallahassee, Fla 31 25 

Macon, Ga 27 00 

Eufaula, Ala 32 00 

Montgomery, Ala 35 00 

Chattanooga, Tenn 30 00 

Rome,Ga 30 25 

Atlanta 27 50 



Every TUESDAY, from Pier 16, E. R. 
foot of Wall St. 
MURRAY'S LINE. 
X. EJ O I "V^IDEiG-O 

Murray, Ferris & Co., Agents, 
61 & 62 South St. 



Every THURSDAY, Pier 8, N. R. 
EMPIRE LINE. 

H. Liyingston | Gen. Barnes 

Wm. R. Garrison, Agent, 

No. 5 Bowling Green. 



Every SATURDAY, from Pier 8, 

North River. 

EMPIRE LINE. 

San Salvador | San Jacinto 

Wm. R. Garrison, Agent. 

No. 5 Bowling Green, 



Every SATURDAY, Pier 13, N. R. 
BLACK STAR LINE. 

HuntsTille I Montg-omery 

R. Lowden, Agent, 

No. 93 West Streets 



CEO. YONCE, Agent, Cent'l R. R. of Georgia, 409 Broadway. 



The PHILADELPHIA AND SOUTHEEN MAIL STEAMSHIP CO. despatch 
one of their Steamers, Wj-^oming or Tonawanda, every Saturday. Returning, 
kave Savannah same day. W, L, JAMES, Agent, 237 Dock St., PhiJa. 

BALTIMORE TO SAVANNAH, GA. 

The AMERICA, SARAGOSSA AND NORTH POINT, leave on 10th, 20tk 
and 30 of each month. JAS. B. ANDREWS, Agt, Flanigan's Wharf, Baltimor* 

Information given, and Tickets sold by rail or steamship, to all points in 
Florida, in connection with the " Atlantic and Gulf Railway." C. D. OWENS, 
Stenl. Agent, 229 Broadway, comer of Barclay Street, New York. 



104 

Tbe Atlantic <fe Gulf 

FREIGHT AND PASSENGER LINE 

VIA SAVANNAH, GA., TO AH POINTS IN 

FLORIDA, Southern and Middle eeorgia, 

Flint, Apalaohicola and Ohattahoocliee Elvers, 

Fast Freight Express, via Sayannah Steamships, to Sayannali, 

Ga., and Atlantic & Oulf; Macon & Brunswick; Jack- 

sonyille, Pensacola & Mobile Rail Boads, 

AND CONNECTING LINES. 
PULLMAN'S PALACE SLEEPING CARS ON ALL NIGHT TRAINS. 

TWO TRAINS DAILY FROM SAVANNAH 

to JACKSONVILLE, connecting with Steamers on ST. JOHN'S RIVER, for 

St. Augustine, Palatka, Green Cove Springs, Hibernia, Orange 

Mills, Enterprise, etc., etc. 

Shippers are requested to mark all Packages—" Care of ATLANTIC AND 
GULF R. R. Agent, SAVANNAH, Ga," and to so state it on Ship's Receipt and 
Bill of Lading. 

Freight Received and Through Bills of Lading issued by Agents of the Liae as 
follows : 

BOSTON TO SAVANNAH, GA. 

DIRECT— The Steamers SEMINOLE and ORIENTAL leave on the 10th, 20th 
and 30th of each month. F. NICKERSON & CO., Agents, 206 State St., Boston. 

BOSTON via NEW YORK TO SAVANNAH, GA, 

Ship daily via BOSTON AND PROVIDENCE R. R. and PROVIDENCE AND 
NEW YORK STEAMSHIP CO. 

GEO. C. MORRILL, Agent, 7T Washington St., Boston. 

NEW YORK TO SAVANNAH^ GA. 

POUR DEPARTURES PER ^v'EEK. 

MURRAY, FERRIS & CO— Ships Leo and Virgo, Sailing Tuesdays, from Pier 
^6 East River. Office, Nos. 61 and 62 South Street. 

WM. R. GARRISON— Ships San Salvador, San Jacinto, Herman Livingston, 
and General Barnes, Sailing Thursdays and Saturdays, from Pier 43 North 
River. Oifice, No. 5 Bowling Green. 

R. LC)WDEN— Ships Huntsville and Montgomery, Sailing Saturdays from 
Pier 13 East River. Office, No. 93 West St. Returnuig, leave Savannah same 

^*^^ PHILADELPHIA TO SAVANNAH, GA. 



1875. THE OLD RELIABLE 1875. 

BROCKS LINE ^STEAMERS 

RUNNING BETWEEN 

JACKSONVILLE AND ENTERPRISE, 

ox THE 

ST. JOHNS RIVER, FLORIDA. 



ojsr aurivaij of trains from the north 

THE NEW AND ELEGANT PASSENGER STEAMER 



Leaves JACKSON VII, liE daily (except Sundays) for PAIiATKA 
and all INTERMEDIATE POINTS, and connecting with Steamers for 
ENTERPRISE, CLAY SPRINGS, SAL.T LAKE, DUNN'S 
LAKE, and points on the OCKLA^VAHA RIVER. At TOCOI 

with ST. JOHNS RAILROAD for ST. AUGUSTINE, and return- 
ing to Jacksonville same evening in time to connect with all Northern 
Trains. 

THE FAVORITE STEAMERS 

"DARLINGTON" and "HATTIE" 

Leave JACKSONVILLE on TUESDAYS and SATURDAYS at 8.00 
A. M., RUNNING THROUGH TO ENTERPRISE, and stopping at all 
principal points on the River. 

THE OLD REPUTATION OF THIS POPULAR LINE WILL BE FULLY SUSTAINED, 
AND EVERY COMFORT GUARANTEED TO ITS PATRONS. 



TSBOUGS TICKETS to all Points NORTH and WEST, and 

also for ST. AUaJISTINE, ENTEHrMISE, and all 

points on the Hirer , can be had on application 

to the PVMSEM on board the Boat. 



JACOB BROCK. 



io6 



STEAMSHIP LINE 

FOR TEKEMDl^A, PLA. 



AND 



^OT-t (Jloyal, S. a 




THE STEAMSPIPS 

M1DMV®S» ^ ■apilB^ nasi®r« 

will sail from Pier No. 2, N. K., New York for Port Eoyal, S. C. and Femandina? 
Fla. 

EVERY ER.ir>AY. 

The steamers remain through the day at Port Royal, affording passengers an 
opportunity to visit Beaufort and the celebrated Port Eoyal Harbor and Islands, 
and to arrive at Fernandina on the following morning. 

fl^^^This is the only Direct Line to Florida. 

No Transfer of Baggage, or Detention by missing Connections ! 

For Freight or Passage apply to 

HERM GELPCKE, Agent, 

5 William Street, New York. 



107 

HOUKT PLEASANT 

Military Academy, 

A Boys' Boarding School, 

AT 

SING SING, ON THE HUDSON. 



This Institution, founded in 1832, has long been widely 
and favorably known. 

The location is unsurpassed in beauty and health- 
fulness j the grounds are ample and attractive ; the build- 
ings neat and commodious. 

The corps of teachers embraces six resident teachers, 
three visiting teachers, and three lecturing professors. 

There are five graded classes in the Regular Course of 
study, and parallel courses in the Latin, Greek, French, and 
German languages. Instruction in Penmanship, Enghsh 
Composition, Elocution, and Vocal Music is given to every 
member of the School. 

It is believed that ample provision is made for every 
department of study, and for the proper moral and physical 
care and training of the young. 

For further particulars, address the Principal, 

J. HOWE ALLEN, 

Sing Sing, N. Y. 



io8 



W. ^/V. SILVER, 



102 Fulton Street, New York. 



S^(0rtralt#7 X.a%4#^^f e#« 



FACTORIES, BUILDINGS, 



Machinery and Yiews of Every Description Taken 



AT SHORT NOTICE. 



OLD PORTRAITS COPIED AND ENLARGED, 



AND FINISHED IN INDIA INK, WATER COLORS OR OIL. 



PHOTOGRAPHING ON WOOD. 



109 

LIST OF SOUTHERN HOTELS. 



NORFOLK, VA Atlantic, Central and National. 

RICHMOND, VA. Ballard and Exchange, St. James, St. Charles and 
Ford's. . 

PETERSBURG, VA Jarrett's Hotel. 

WELDON, N. C Emory House. 

WILMINGTON, N. C Purcell, National and Gaston. 

CHARLESTON, S. C Charleston and Pavilion. 

COLUMBIA, S. C Wheeler, Columbia, National and Rose's. 

AIKEN, S. C Highland Park Hotel. 

AUGUSTA, GA Planters', Augusta, Globe and Central. 

ATLANTA, GA H. L Kimball House. 

SAVANNAH, GA Pulaski, Pavilion, Marshall, European, Screven 

and McConnell's. 

MACON, GA Brown, Lamar and National. 

COLUMBUS, GA Rankin House. 

MONTGOMERY, ALA Exchange, Central and Madison. 

MOBILE, ALA Battle and Gulf City. 

NEW ORLEANS, LA St. Charles, City and Verandah. 

FLORIDA HOTELS. 

PALATKA St. Johns, St. James and Putnam. 

JACKSONVILLE... Grand National, Metropolitan, St. James, Florida, 
Mattair, Bufifington, Keen and Stickney. 

ST. AUGUSTINE St. Augustine, Magnolia and Florida. 

MAGNOLIA Magnolia House. 

GREEN COVE SPRINGS Clarendon and Union. 

ENTERPRISE Brock's House. 



no 

MEMORANDA. 



in 



TO THE PUBLIC. 



In presenting to the public this revised edition of the 
Guide to Florida for the season of 1874-5, the undersigned 
point with pardonable pride to the popularity and usefulness 
of the work, as evidenced by the Uberal advertising patron- 
age bestowed by the great lines of travel, the hotels, and the 
enterprising business men of the Florida towns. It has been 
carefully revised since the pubHcation of the previous edition, 
and will be found to contain this year many new facts of 
interest to the Florida tourist. We shall, in each ensuing 
issue, be pleased to incorporate any additional information of 
importance, relative to the material interests of Florida, of 
which our friends there or elsewhere may be kind enough 
to place us in possession. Meanwhile, we send forth the 
present edition in the hope that it may prove a useful 
Pocket Companion and Guide to every one visiting the 
Land of Flowers during the coming season. 

CATLIN & LYDECKER. 



Advertising Directory. 



Charleston Advertisements. 



P 



AVILION HOTET 




( CHARLESTON, S.G 



This long established and favorite House having been 
thoroughly renovated, painted and newly furnished, and 
having had the celebrated "Artesian Water and Baths " in- 
troduced, is now open for the reception of the traveling 
public. 

The Proprietors have spared neither pains nor expense 
in making this Hotel equal to any 

in the South, and trust by strict attention to merit a share 
of public patronage. 

Terms^ $3,00 per Day, 

TRANSFER COUPONS TAKEN BY OMNI- 
BUSES OF THIS HOUSE. 



G. T. AI-FORD & CO, 



Chaeleston Adveetisements. 



CTi^EBRATEo 



m 



THE ABOVE YACHT, | 

Safely, Hanilsofflely anil Comfortatily Anpiiitei, 

POSSESSING ASTONISKSNG SPEED, 

WILL LEAVE SOUTHERN WHARF EVERY DAY 

At 10 A. M, and 3.30 P. M., 

FOR 



il 



Mf 1 111 WAilll, 



And all the other interesting points around the Harbor. 
For engagements apply on board, to 

Capt. THOMAS YOUNG. 

Charleston, Oct., 1874. 



i 



Charleston and Savannah Adyeetisements. 4 

G. N. BARNARD, 
263 King Street, 

CHARLESTON, S. G. 

miSCiPIC ifliS IF FiT Sim illlSTi 

And Vicinity. 

Mf mil iof iL 

Cor. Bull and South Broad Streets, 
SAVANNAH, Ga. 



A FAMILY HOTEL 

OF OLD STANDING, 

Possessing all the advantages and requirements 
of a quiet and genial home. 



p. J. HOBART, Proprietor, 



5 Savannah Advertiseeents. 

SAVANNAH, GA. 

Your attention is respectfully called to the above House as 

^ Fimsw- €&Mgg M&WME^ 

in every respect. The House has been thoroughly repaired and re- 
furnished, and is now provided with every necessary convenience for the 
accommodation and comfort of its patrons ; the rooms are large, airy, 
and neatly furnished, and ample means are afforded for bathing. The 
location is desirable, and convenient to the business portion of the city. 

THE TABLES 

will at all times be bountifully furnished with meats, &c. , from the North, 
and we have all the vegetables and delicacies which the market affords. 

THE RATES OF BOARD 
have been reduced to $3.00 per day, and liberal terms will be offered 
to parties wishing to engage rooms by the month or season. 

AN EXCELLENT LIVERY STABLE 

is connected with the House. Omnibuses and Baggage Wagons will 
always be in attendance at the various Depots and Steamboat Landings 
to convey passengers to the Hotel. 

TELEGRAPH & R.R. TICKET OFFICE IN THE HOTEL. 
THE LAUNDRY 

is excellent and its service will be expeditious and satisfactory. 

THE BARBER SHOP 

has been re-fitted and is in charge of a skillful and attentive man. 

THE NEWS ROOM 

will be regularly supplied with all the Daily and Weekly Papers. 

The Bar is supplied with the best Wines, Liquors, Segars, &c. 

The Proprietor begs to repeat emphatically that every care and 
exertion will be exercised by himself and his assistants to make the 
Marshall House in every respect unsurpassed as an attractive and 
satisfactory place of home resort. Hoping to obtain a liberal share of 
patronage, I remain, Yours respectfully, 

A. B. LUCE, Proprietor. 



Savan:n^ah Advertisements. 6 

EUROPEAN HOUSE 

156, 158, 160 & 162 BRYAN STREET, 

Opp. the Market, SAVAHNAH, Ga. 

The Proprietor having completed the necessary additions and 
improvements, can now oiTer to his guests all the comforts to be 
obtained at other hotels at less than 



A RESTAURANT ON THE EUEOPEAN PLAN 

has been added, where guests can 

AT ALL HOURS 

order whatever can be obtained in the Market. 

Booms, tvlth Board, $1.50 per day. 

DETERMINED TO 13E 
All I ask is a tbial, confident that complete satisfaction will be given. 

JOHN BRESNAN, Proprietor. 

J. IN. "VTILSOTV, 

PHOTOGRAPHIC ESTABLISHMENT 

IN SAVANNAH, 

Opposite Pulaski and Screven Houses. 
Photographic Rooms, - - 143 Boughton Street. 
Ferrotype Rooms, 21 Bull Street. 

Stereoscopic Views for sale and on exhibition, in great variety, at both places. 

Fine collection of Wilson's Views may be seen in all the principal Hotels. Over 

300 Views, always on hand of Savannah, Bonaventura and vicinity. 

Mr. Wilson employs experts excelled by none in this country or in Europe. 



Savannah Advertisements. 



Baltimore & Savannah Steamship Line 




CONNECTING CLOSELY AT 



SAVANNAH, GfA., 

With the ATLANTIC AND GULF RAILROAD for all points in 

FLORIDA, 

and with Central Railroad and Atlantic and Gulf, to all points in the Sonth and 
Southwest. 

The Line is composed of the following Staunch, First-class Steamships, well 
fitted up for passengers. 



1,000 Tons, 



1,000 Tons, 



SAILING AVEEKLY. 



RATES OF PASSAGE, 

Including Meals and Staterooms on Steamers between Baltimore and Savannah. 
SAVANNAH. $20,00. 

St. Augustine, Fla $31 25 

Palatka, Fla 30 25 

Enterprise, Fla 36 25 

Gainesville, Fla 30 25 

Lake Citv, Fla 30 25 

Madison,' Fla 36 25 

Tallahassee, Fla 31 25 

Macon, Ga 2T 00 

Eufaula, Ala S2 00 

Montgomery, Ala -r • 35 00 

Chattanooga, Tenn 30 00 

Rome, Ga 32 25 

Atlanta 27 50 



Jacksonville, Fla. . $27 75 

Pernandina, Fla '/7 75 

Picolata, Fla 29 25 

Green Cove Springs 29 25 

Hibernia, Fla 29 25 

Orange MiUs, Fla 30 25 

Monticello, Fla 31 25 

Quincy, Fla 32 r>0 

Atlanta, Ga 27 50 

Albany, Ga 31 50 

Selma, Ala.... 35 00 

Mobile,Ala 41 00 

New Orleans, La 47 50 

JAMES B. 
JAS. B. WEST & CO., 

Agents, Savannah, Ga, 



ANDREWS, Agent, 
73 Smith's Wharf, 



BALTIMORE. 



Savaxnah and Feknandina Adyerttremextr. 8 

BOOKS & STATIONERY. 



Ml THE UTEST PUBLtOATtON0 CON$TANTlV OH HAND* 
BOOKS FORWARDED BY MAIL ON RECEIPT OE PUBLISHER'S PRICE 

Stereoscopic Vieivs of Savannah and vicinity 

in great variety. 

JOHN M. COOPER <& CO., 

Corner of "Whitaker and St. fTulian Streets, 



WILLIAMS, SWANN & CORLEY, 

Eeal Estate Agents, 

FERNANDINA, FLORIDA. 



Correspondence solicited and promptly attended to. 



Fernandina Advertisements. 

J. & T. KYDD 

Wholesale and Retail Dealers iu 








s,^ 



CLOTHTNa, 
FANCY GOODS AND NOTIONS, 

New York and Fernandina, Florida. 

New York IIou§e, 86 Leonard St. 
DRY COOPS AT NEW YORK PRICES. 

H. E. DOTTERER, 

DEALER IN 

FiMIlI ©E0@ERIES 

AND 

PROVISIONS, 
jVo. 33 Centre Street, 

FERNANDINA, FLORIDA 

Mrs. A. C. FISHEH, 

Milliner Manufacturer and Wholesale Dealer in 

Ladies'Rustic Palmetto Hats. 

ALSO, 

GAMALIEL FISHER, 

DEALER IN 

BOOTS AND SHOES, 

Centre Street, Fernandina, Fla. 



Jacksoitville Advertisements. 10 

DAMON GREENLEAF, 

DEALER IN 

WATCHES, CLOCKS, 

BAY STREET, 

BetweeD Ocean and Pine streets. j3CKS0nVUi6) rl3i 

Watches, Clocks and Jewelry Repaired, 

RICHARD MCLAUGHLIN, 

Real Estate Agent, 

JACKSONVILLE, FLA. 

All descriptions of Real Estate Bought and Sold. 
MONEY INVESTED. TAXES PAID. TITLES EXAMINED. 

Refers by permission to : 



Wm. Astor, Esq., New York 
Ex-Gov. A. G. Curtin, Bellefonte, Pa. 
Lewis H. Redner, Philadelphia. 



W. Stokes Boyd, Philadelphia. 

D. G. Ambler, Banker, Jacksonville. 

Henry Tucker, Boston, Mass. 



11 



Jacksonville Advektisements. 



MoicrMsSpriiCiiif, 

JACKSONVILLE, FLOEIDA. 

T. W. OSBOBNE, President. 
H. BISHER, Jr., Treas'r. PETER JONES, Sec'y 



lOIOllllS SPllIi. 



]TIiiicral Water^ Sliell Road^ Pleasure Park, Race 

Course, Blegaut Satli Mouses, Restaurant, 

and l>anemg Pavilion. 

The MoNCETEFS Spring Company was incorporated October 
25tli, 1878 and purchased the magnificent Mineral Spring known 
as Moncriefs Spring. This Spring is four miles from Bay Street, 
Jacksonville. The Spring discharges one hundred and fifty gal- 
lons of water per minute. 

The Company have completed a magnificent Shell Eoad from 
Bay Street to the Spring. This Road is not surpassed by the re- 
nowned shell roads of either Mobile or New , Orleans. The Park, 
consisting of twenty acres, is enclosed and beautified. The 
water in the Spring has been raised, in a fountain eighteen feet 
across, seven feet above its natural level. The water is as trans- 
parent as the atmosphere. The most elegant brick bath houses, 
for both ladies and gentlemen, have been constructed, a beautiful 
restaurant built, and a dancing pavilion is in course of construc- 
tion. The race course — one mile track — will be fully completed 
and enclosed by the first of December of this year, and labor is 
rapidly progressing on it. No race course in the Southern States 
will be superior to it in the perfection of the track and buildings. 

The Company will continue to develop and beautify this 
property as rapidly as labor can be advantageously expended. 

By what has alread}^ been done the attractions of Jacksonville 
in the winter of '74 and '75 will be double what thejMiave hereto- 
fore been. The Company will offer greater facilities to invalids, 
tourists and pleasure seekers, for health and enjoyment, than any 
Other place in the entire South. 



Jacksonville Advertisements. 12 

GROVE A. PELTON, 

DEALEK m 

11^ ft ^MWWAMWWWWU 



ALLIGATOR TEETH AND SEA BEANS, 
Fruits, &c , &c., 

-Jacltsonville, Florida. 

G. H. GATO, HUAN & CO. 

Wholesale and Ketail Dealers in 

IMPORTED &0GMESTIOSEGARS, 

MANUFACTURERS OF 

TOBACCO, SNUFF, PIPES, &c. 

At the Wew Store^ ^'^ La Favorita,'^^ 
Baldwin's Palmetto Blocks corner Bay and Pine Streets, 

Jacksonville, Fla. 

Wholes le and Retail Dealer in 

Choice Family Groceries, 

PROVISIONS, CONFECTIONERY AND FRUITS. 
Also, John T. Wilson & Go's Choice Crackers & Biscuits. 

ALES, WINES, LIQUORS, SE&AES S TOBACCO. 

New Store, Bay Street, bet. Pine and Lanra Streets, 

JACKSONVILLE, FLA. 



13 



Jacksonville Advertisements. 




No. 2 Freedman's Bank Building', 

JACKSONVILLE, FLA. 
Having secured the services of Miss V. L. Lawrence as 

we are prepared to fill orders in that line with promptness and in 
the LATEST style. 

TRTIXalsIAm RICH, 

WHOLESALE AND RETAIL 



Polk's Block, Bay Street, 
JACKSONVILLE, FLA. 

DECIDEDLY the CHEAPEST HOUSE in the CITY. 
All Orders Promptly Filled. 

i7. H. CROlTITBXalM, 



dealer in 



Leather and Findii^s, 

CASH PAID FOR 

Hides, Skins, Furs, Wax, Wool, &c. 
JACKSONVILLE, FLA. 



Jacksonville Advertisements. 14 

PRIVATE BOARDING HOUSE, 

UNDER THE PERSONAL SUPERVISION OF 

S. R. MATTAIR, 

Three Story Brick Building, witti Tliree Piazzas, 

HAVING A SOUTHERN ASPECT. 

FORSYTH STREET, 

Bet'ween Ocean and Pine Streets, 
JACKSONVILLE, FLA. 

LIVINGSTON & GO., 




PHYSICIANS PRESCRiPTIONS 

carefully compounded, at any hour of the day or night, under the 
personal superintendence of Mr. Livingston. 

The Choicest Perfumes and Family Toilet Articles 

Always on hand in great varieties. 

No. 6 BALDWIN'S BLOCK, 

J ACKSONVILLE, FLA . 

A. N. PACE. GEO. E. PACE. 

PACE & BHO , 

Wholesale and Retail Dealers in 



TOBACCO, 
Liquors, Wines, Ales, Porter, &;c., 

BAY STREET, 

Ja-clisoix^v^illo, Fiox'lcla, 



15 Jacksonville Advertisemen-ts. 

JOHN C. FENGLE, 
Dealer in Drugs and Miedicines, 




"VfETRQPQLITAN HQTET^ 

JacksoiivUle, Fla, 

The attention of tourists is respectfully called to the above house, as 
a first-class hotel in every respect, constructed of brick, entirely new 
throughout, the rooms are large, airy, neatly furnished and ample 
means are afforded for bathing. All the beds have celebrated Tucker 
Springs in addition to superior mattrasses. 

Is located in a pleasant portion of the city, near Post-Offtce and other 
public places, has Reading room, well supplied with current literature, 
and a Billiard room, the largest and finest in this section of the South. 

Tables are supplied with Meats, etc., from the North, and with every 
delicacy of the season. 

Rates of Board reasonable, and liberal terms made to parties for the 
month or season. No pains are spared to make the sojourn of tourists 
comfortable and pleasant. 

The Choicest Wines, Ales, Liquors and Segars to be had in the 
Restaurant. 

JOHN B. TOGJVI, JProprietor. 



Jacksonville Advertisements. 16 

MRS. G. L. BUFFINGTON, 

JACKSONVILLE, 

Oonier of Ocean ancl A.<iaiiis Sti*eets, 

Near Presbyterian and Episcopal Churches. 
ACCOMMODATIONS FOR 

FIFTY BOARDRES. 

DEALER IN 
INCLUDING 

Silks, Poplins; Grenadines^ Alpacas > Linen Lax^ns and all 
goods comprising Ladies' ixrear. 

HOSIERY OF ALL KINDS. 

Millinery of the Latest Styles constantly on hand, 

and tiHfde tip to order . 

New Goods constantly received and for sale low for Cash. 

SUMMERS' BLOCK, BAY STREET, 
Bet. Ocean & Pine sts. Jacksonville, Fla. 

DR. H. ROBINSON, ~ 

WHOLESASE AND RETAIL 

DRTJGGMST, 

Jacksonville Florida. 



Wholesale Orders at Savannali Prices. 



Compounding Prescriptions a Specially. 



IT Jacksonyille Advertisements. 

J. J. noi-iLA.:Ni>, 

AND DEALER IN 

SOLID SILVER AND PLATED WARES. 
FLORIDA CURIOSITIES, &c. 

Corner of Bay and Pine Streets, Jacksonville, Fla. 



Agent for the Celebrated BOREL So COURVOISIEE WATCH. 
Watches a nd Jewelry neatly Repaired and Warranted. 

P. McQUAID, 

Shipping! Commission lerchant, 

AND WHOLESALE DEALER IN 

HAY, GRAIN, AND PROVISIONS; 

BAY STREET, 
JaclisoiiT^ille, Flor-ida. 

Estate of C. Parkhurst, 

WHOLESALE AND RETAIL DEALER IN 



CORN, FLOUR. HAY, 
Liquors, Cigars, &c. 

No. 1 Parkhnrst's Block, Ocean Street, 

JACKSOIVVILLE, FLA. 



Jacksonville Aveetisedments. 18 

Grraciiaate oi" PliariTLacy, 

DEALER IN 

BtUaS MIC MECiOIIES. 

THE CHOICEST AND LATEST PERFUMES, 

Foreign and Domestic, always on hand in great variety. 

The Proprietor gives liis personal attention to the prepar- 
ation of all Prescriptions and Recipes. 

Corner of Bay and Laura Streets^ 

JACKSONVILLE, FLA. 

F. JORDAN 86 CO., 

' WHOLESALE QEOCEHS 

AND DEALERS IN 

Sega I* s and Tobacco. 

The finest brands of Imported Cigars on hand in great varieties. 

BAY STREET, 

Jacksonville^ Florida, 



J. H. OCHUS, 



DEALER IN 



PIANOS, ORGANS, MUSIC, 

And Musical Instruments. 

PICTURES AND FRAMES. 

Florida Stereoscopic Views a Specialty. 

JACKSONVILLE, Fla. 



19 Jacksonville Advertisement-!. 

A. O. HUSSEY. J. W. HOWELL 



k^ DEALERS IN ^ 

Bools,Sloes,Leate&FiiiiIiu£s, 

Bay Street, near Laura, Jacksonville, Fla. 

\^° Sole xlgents in Jacksonville for Dunbar's Children's Fine 

Shoes. ^M^ 

CHARLES L MATHER & CO. 



WHOLESALE AND RETAIL 



Statifliers, Booksellers M Heislealers, 

BAY STMEET, 
Jacksonville, Florida. 



All goods in our line at the lowest prices. 
Ag^eiit§ for A\TlIO.^¥'S FLORIDA VIEWS. 

Newman Street^ opp. Metropolitan Hotel, 

Pleasure Carriages with Careful Drivers. 

OMNIBUSES, PHAETONS & BAGGAGE WAGONS 

At all trains and boats. 



Jacksonville Adveetisements. 20 

Wholesale and Retail Dealer iu 

lP4Kim¥ ©M@®1M1^, 

ALES, W^INES, LIQUORS AND SEGARS, 

SILVEP\ LIGHT KEROSENE LAMPS, FIXTUI\ES, ETC. 

Garden Seeds a Specialty, 

\ No. 4 REED'S BLOCK, BAY STREET, 

Jacksonville, Fla. 

OLD ESTABLISHED 

PHOTOGRAPHIC GALLERY 

CONDUCTED BY 

Messrs. ViTOOD & BICKLE. 



VIEWS AND PORTRAITS 

Executed in the highest style of the art. 

BAY STREET, 

JACKSONVILLE FLORIDA. 

W. H. AVERY, 

NATIONAL LIVERY STABLE, 

Oor. Cedar and Forsyth Streets, 

One Square from Rail Road Depot and Grand National Hotel 

JACKSON VI1.JLE, FL.A. 

All kinds of Carriages for Invalids, careful Drivers, good Teams. 

ALSO, 

CAERIAGES, BUGeiES AND HORSES CONSTANTLY ON HAND FOE SALE. 



21 Jacksonville Advertisements. 

CHARLES A. FAIROHILD, 

STORE AND WHARVES 

IMMEDIATELY WEST OF MARKET, 

Bay Street^ Jacksonville, Florida. 



AGENT FOR H. W. LOUD & CO.'S 

Weekly Line of Sailing Vessels from New York. 

New York Office, 28 South Street. 

MILL, SHIP AND STEAM VESSELS' SUPPLIES. 

CAMPING PARTIES SUPPLIED. 

MANUFACTURER OF 

Yellow Pine Lumber^ Lath, Pickets, and Plained Lunfiber 

Of all kinds. 

Schooner "Ida Smith" Regular St. Augustine Packet. 

Linus of PACKETS 

—BETWEEN— 

NEW YORK & JACKSONVILLE, 

St. Augustine, 

AND OTHER POINTS ON THE 

J20 Wall Street, New York. 



Jacksonville Adveetisements. 



22 



EST^13LISI13i:i> 1856. 



E. P. WEBSTER & CO., 

rtlili & Aiitlieiliiij 

No. 6 Reed's Building, Bay Street, 
JACKSONVILLE, Fla. 

Choice Drugs, Medicines and all the popular Proprietary articles 
used and recommended by the medical faculty. 
N. B. — Purest and best articles used in compounding prescrip- 
tions, the reliability of this establishment is well known. 

W. T. DBLAPORTB, 

WHOLESALE AND RETAIL 



IB j^ I<I 35D IFL 



AND DEALER IN 



Dealer also in Toys. 

mm jmL.'^mr asi tt' jc«. je: jeis rar' ^ 

Jacksonvlle, Florida. 

J. B. ROGMIS ^ CO. 



WHOLESALE AND RETAIL 



Wm 



wmmm loiii 

No. 47 Hoeg's Block, 

BAY STREET, 



23 Jacksonville Advertisements. 

KEEN HOUSE, 

Corner of Bay and Washington Streets, 
JACKSOWrTLLJE, FLA. 



Late of the Clarendon House, has taken the above House, 
where she will he pleased to receive her friends and patrons. 

The House is pleasantly situated and commands an unusually 
fine river view. TERMS MODERATE. 

STICKNEY HOUSE, 

CONDUCTED BY 

^tS. f , ^, fag, 
Corner of Market and Forsyth Streets, 

JACKSOWILI^E, FLA. 

This House is situated in the pleasantest and most convenient 
part of the city. 

TOCOI RESTAURAKT 

Near the Landing on St. John's River. 

Pliiiii piifldii ©1 ihi Sh@fliil I©tl©is 

FOR LARGE OR SMALL PARTIES, 

WITH 

EVERY DELICACY OF THE SEASON. 
CHOICE WINES, ALES AND LIQUORS. 

J. C. THOMAS, Proprietore 



Palatica Adyertisemenis. 



24 



ST. JOHN'S HOTEL 




PALATKA, E. FLA. P. & H. PETERMAWW, Props. 

N. H. MORAGNE, M.D., 

PALATKA, Fla., 

DEALER IN 



Medicines, Chemicals, &c. &c. 
ROBERT R. REID^ 

DEALER IN 

GENERAL MEBCHANDISE, 



AND 



Choice Familff Stipplies. 

T^ILT^ SKLni. LOW 1P0:R C^SH or, BA.R.XER, 

Palatka, Florida. 



25 Palatka Advertisements. 

IVt. H. lEtOGETLO & OO., 

COMMISSION MERCHANTS. 

Dealers in General Merchandise. 

Agents for the Steamer " Staelight," plying between Jacksonville 
and Enterprise. Also, Steamboat "Maeion," running be- 
tween Palatka and Silver Springs, Florida. 

ACCOMMODATIONS FOR TOURISTS UNRIVALLED. 

r»AI^A.TIi:A, FLORIDA. 



Collector and Dealer in all kinds of 

FLORIDA CURIOSITIES. 



I would most respectfully announce that I am prepared to furnish this delicious 
fruit in quantities as desired, carefully packed in barrels or neat cases of from one 
to three hundred each. Having had great experience for the past three years as 
Superintendent and General Manager of H. L. Hart's Grove and Orange Business, 
my personal attention shall be given to all orders entrusted to my care. I take 
great pleasure in saying that I have the sole management of what is known as the 
"Watson Grove," of 1200 choice trees, now owned by Madame de Westenberg, 
of Washington, D. C. Being in direct steam communication with New York and 
most of the principal Cities of the United States, I will be enabled to fill orders 
at the shortest notice. Address, 

JAMES H. FRY, Palatka, Fla, 

Refer to Mr. De Westenberg, Washington, D. C. 

''Estate of C. Parkhurst," 

DEALER IN 

GENERAL MERCHANDISE, 

VIZ: 

Dry Goods, Groceries, Boots & Shoes, Hard- 
ware, Wood WARE, Crockery, &c., &c., 
]Xo. 1 Ir*ai*klini*s1: Block, 

PALATKA, FLORIDA. 



Palatka Advertisements. 26 

H. R. TEASDALE, 
jU«ibjn0 antr Sortoartring MQtni, 

Propiietor of the Steamboat 

On route frojn Jachsonville to Salt Lake, Fla. 

Accommodations for Passengers excelled by none. 

AGENT FOR 

SAVANNAH STEAMER, "LIZZIE BAKER" 

Sailino- Oiace a Weel?. 

THE PALATKA 

DRUGSTORE, 

S.W.MOODY.M.D., 

Manager, 

Palatka, FloFida. 




"?-S^V^<~ ^.^^^ 



LI 



■01M9 



ATLANTA, GA, 



The attention of Winter Touricts to the South is respectfully 
called to the fact that the undersigned, having leased the above 
house, has had it thoroughly renovated and refitted during the 
past season, and is now prepared to accommodate, comfortably, 
550 guests. 

The rooms are furnished in the most luxurious style, and the 
cuimie is presided over b}^ an experienced head-steward, with a 
corps of French cooks, unequaled in their line. 

The Billiard Koom has been frescoed, and supplied with 
eight new Phelan & Collender tables. 

N. B. — Guests will find this the hotel to stop at in Atlanta. 
Rooms secured hj telegraph in advance to 

Proprietor. 

Also PropHetor of Grand National Hotel, Jackmiwille, Fla. 
i See, Page 64^:) 



INDEX TO ADVERTI SEMENTS. 

Routes of Travel. (Railways.) 

Atlantic Coast Line 2-21-22, and 3d aud 4th pages covel' 

Atlaaitic & Gulf Railway 104 

Cook's American Tours 96 

Erie Railway 97 

Northeastern Railroad 38 

Piedmont Air Line 2d page cover. 

Savannah and Charleston Railroad 33 

Routes of Travel. (Steamers.) 

Old Dominion Line 22 

New York and Charleston S. S. Co 98 

New York and Savannah 8. S. Co 103 

New York and Fernandina S. S. Co 106 

Baltimore and Savannah S. S. Co T Adv. Dir. 

New Orleans, Florida and Savannah S. S. Co .99-101 

Tampa and Cedar Keys Line 100 

Charleston, Savannah and Florida Line 102 

Brock's Line, (St. John's River) 105 

Palatka and Silver Springs Line 26 Adv. Dir. 

"Lizzie Baker" and " LoUie Boy" 26 " 

Jacksonville and Enterprise Line 25 " 

Norwich Line, (Boston and White Mountains) 95 

Sailing Vessels and Yachts. 

Yacht " Eleanor," Charleston 3 Adv. Dir. 

Warren Ray, Jacksonville 21 " 

Chas. A Fairchila, " 21 " 

Hotels. 

Charleston Hotel, Charleston 92 

Pavilion Hotel. " 2 Adv. Dir. 

Pulaski House, Savannah 35 

Pavilion Hotel, " 4 Adv. Dir. 

Marshall House, " 5 " 

European House, " 6 " 

Grand National Hotel, Jacksonville 64» 

Metropolitan Hotel, " 15 Adv. Dir. 

Mattair House, " 14 •' 

Buffington House, " 16 " 

Keen House, " 23 " 

Stickney House " 23 " 

St. Johns Hotel, Palatka 24 " 

St. Augustine Hotel, St. Augustine 88 

Magnolia Hotel, " 93 

Highland Park Hote', Aiken 94 

Planters' Hotel, Augusta 94 

Kimball House, Atlanta 64* and 27 Adv. Dir. 

Places of Resort. 

Moncrief Springs, Jacksonville 11 Adv. Dir. 

Tocoi Restaurant, Tocoi 23 " 

Real Estate. 

Norton & Kooker, Jacksonville 64i> 

R. McLaughlin, " 10 Adv. Dir. 

Williams, Swann & Corley, Fernandina, 8 " 

Books and Stationery. 

Jno. M. Cooper & Co., Savannah , 8 Adv. Dir. 

Chas. L. Mather & Co., Jacksonville 19 " 

Drugs and Medicines. 

Livingston & Co., Jacksonville. 14 Adv. Dir. 

Jno. C. L'Engle, " 15 " 

Dr. H. Robinson, " ........'..*..'''.'.'..'..'... ..16 *' 



29 

H. A. L'Engle, Jacksonville -,« . . ,,. 

E. P. Webster & Co., " i? ^^\: I>ir. 

s. W.Moody, M.D.,Paiatka.:: ■.■.;::;■.;: ^„2« 

N. H. Moragne, " .'.'.".'.'.'.'.".' 24 " 

rioiida Curiosities, 

Grove A. Peltou, Jacksonville i o a ^ tv 

Damon Greenleat, " In .. "'■ 

James H. Fry, Paiatka .■;■.■..'.■ ;;.■ '. ; .' .;.■ ; .■.■.■.■.■.■;;; ;.■;;;;;■; ^ 

General Merchandise. 

Robert R. Raid, Paiatka oa ah,, -n- 

M.H.Rogero^ Co.. Paiatka l\^^\^'''' 

C. Parkhurst's Estate, " ' ^' '.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.['..'. 25 

Groceries and Provisions. 

- H. E. Dotterer, Fernandina q a .u, nu- 

J. B Roche & Co., Jacksonville V. 22 - 

W.H.Lucas, '' ^7, u 

Wm.Rich, " ^X 

Pace&Bro., " |^ 

C. Parkhurst's Estate, " It 

L. Warrock, " iL 

F.Jordan&Co. " '.'''.'.' ^' '.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.[['.'. 18 

Hatsf Boots and Slioe^^. 

Mrs. A. C. Fisher, Fernandina, o Adv T>ir 

Gamaliel Fisher, " . . o Ad^.^Dll. 

J. H. Crowell, Jacksonville ...... . -jo u 

Hussey & Howell, " ".'..'.'.'.'.".'..".'.'.'.'.'.".".'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'..'.'.' 19 

^ ,^ Hay, Grain and Provisions. 

P. McQuaid, Jacksonville 18 Adv. Dir. 

Itivery Stables- 

C. B. McClenny, Jacksonville 19 Adv. ',!.. 

W. H. Avery, " 20 ' • ' ' 

Iiunil)er and Building Materials. 

Charles A. Fairchild, Jacksonville 22 Ad /. " --■' 

Millinery and Dry Goods and Notions. ^ 

J. & T. Kydd, Fernandina 9 Adv - A^ 

H. H. Fay & Co., Jacksonville ! .13 '"' 

O. L. Keene, " 'l6 u 

Oranges, (By Barrel or Case.) 
James H. Pry, Paiatka , 25 Adv. Dir. 

Photographers' 

W. W. Silver, New York -los 

G. N. Barnard, Charleston .' .4 Adv V^"^' 

J. N. Wilson, Savannah ....6 V,'- 

Wood & Bickle, Jacksonvil e " 20 -, • x^i 

Pianos, Organs and Music- 

J. H. Ochus, Jacksonville 18 aJv. uir. 

Military Academy. 

J. Howe Allen, Sing Sing. N. Y. lOT 

Segars and Tobacco- 

G. H. Gato, Huan & Co., Jacksonville 12 Adv. Dir. 

Sewing Machines- 
Singers Reverse of Map. 

Toys and Confectionery- 

W. T. Delaporte, Jacksonville 22 Adv. Dii-y/) 

"Watches and Jewelry- "^ 

Damon Greenleat, Jacksonville 10 Adv. Dii'. 

J.J.Holland, " , 17 '* 






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